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Measurement of the neutron flux of CSNS Back-n ES#1 under small collimators from 0.5 eV to 300 MeV

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Abstract

The newly built back-streaming white neutron beam line (Back-n) at China spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) makes a breakthrough for China’s domestic nuclear data measurement, which is pushing nuclear data measurement in China towards higher precision and wider energy range. The neutron flux of the facility was measured at the first beginning since it is an extremely important characterization for the experiment proposal and data analysis. The neutron fluxes under big collimators in end station 1 (ES#1) and end station 2 (ES#2) had been characterized by a fission chamber. In this paper, the first measurement of the neutron flux of Back-n ES#1 with small collimators is reported. The neutron flux from 0.5 eV to 300 MeV was measured by three detectors: a silicon monitor based on a 6LiF sample for the energy range below 200 keV, a fast multi-layer fission ionization chamber for the range from 10 keV to 300 MeV, and a proton recoil telescope for the high energy region from 10 to 70 MeV. The flux and its uncertainty with 50 bins per decade were finally evaluated by combining the data of the three detectors. The integrated flux in the full energy range at CSNS beam power of 100 kW is 1.642 × 106 n/cm2/s, which is consistent with the FLUKA simulation within a difference of about 4%.

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Data availability

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: Data will be made available on reasonable request to the corresponding author.]

Code Availability Statement

Code/software will be made available on reasonable request. [Author’s comment: Code/software will be made available on reasonable request to the corresponding author.]

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11905031), Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2023014), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant Nos. 2020A1515010360 and 2022B1515120032).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, China

    Yonghao Chen, Yijia Qiu, Qiang Li, Shengda Tang, Wei Jiang, Ruirui Fan, Han Yi, Hantao Jing, Yang Li, Zhixin Tan, Yu Bao, Keqing Gao, Xiaolong Gao, Minhao Gu, Yongcheng He, Yang Hong, Ling Kang, Bo Li, Xiao Li, Ze Long, Changjun Ning, Mengchen Niu, Kang Sun, Zhijia Sun, Binbin Tian, Lijiao Wang, Pengcheng Wang, Xuan Wu, Xiaoyun Yang, Li Yu, Yongji Yu, Linhao Zhang, Yuliang Zhang, Luping Zhou, Zhihao Zhou & Kejun Zhu

  2. Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, China

    Yonghao Chen, Yijia Qiu, Qiang Li, Shengda Tang, Wei Jiang, Ruirui Fan, Han Yi, Hantao Jing, Yang Li, Zhixin Tan, Yu Bao, Keqing Gao, Xiaolong Gao, Yongcheng He, Yang Hong, Ling Kang, Bo Li, Xiao Li, Ze Long, Changjun Ning, Mengchen Niu, Kang Sun, Zhijia Sun, Binbin Tian, Lijiao Wang, Pengcheng Wang, Xuan Wu, Xiaoyun Yang, Li Yu, Yongji Yu, Linhao Zhang, Yuliang Zhang, Luping Zhou & Zhihao Zhou

  3. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Qiang Li, Ruirui Fan, Minhao Gu, Zhijia Sun & Kejun Zhu

  4. Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, Guangdong, China

    Shengda Tang

  5. Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, 621900, China

    Yiwei Yang, Zhizhou Ren, Rong Liu, Qiping Chen, Zijie Han, Xingyan Liu & Zhongwei Wen

  6. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Jingyu Tang & Ping Cao

  7. State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Jingyu Tang, Qi An, Ping Cao, Haolei Chen, Zhen Chen, Changqing Feng, Xiru Huang, Zhijie Jiang, Chao Li, Jiawen Li, Shubin Liu, Binbin Qi, Xinyi Tang, Likun Xie, Tao Yu & Zhiyong Zhang

  8. School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Changlin Lan

  9. Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Qi An, Haolei Chen, Zhen Chen, Changqing Feng, Xiru Huang, Zhijie Jiang, Chao Li, Jiawen Li, Shubin Liu, Binbin Qi, Xinyi Tang, Likun Xie, Tao Yu & Zhiyong Zhang

  10. Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    Jiangbo Bai

  11. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, 102413, China

    Jie Bao, Guozhu He, Hanxiong Huang, Guangyuan Luan, Jie Ren, Xichao Ruan, Zhaohui Wang, Xiaoguang Wu & Qiwei Zhang

  12. State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Zengqi Cui, Yiwei Hu, Haoyu Jiang, Jie Liu & Guohui Zhang

  13. Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology, Xi’an, 710024, China

    Changcai Han, Zhaohui Song & Xianpeng Zhang

  14. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yang Hong, Kang Sun, Lijiao Wang, Linhao Zhang, Luping Zhou, Zhihao Zhou & Kejun Zhu

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  1. Yonghao Chen
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yonghao Chen or Changlin Lan.

Additional information

Communicated by Alberto Mengoni

Qi An: Deceased.

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Chen, Y., Qiu, Y., Li, Q. et al. Measurement of the neutron flux of CSNS Back-n ES#1 under small collimators from 0.5 eV to 300 MeV. Eur. Phys. J. A 60, 63 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01272-z

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