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Collision energy dependence of the critical end point from baryon number fluctuations in the Linear Sigma Model with quarks

  • Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
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Abstract

We show that the Linear Sigma Model with quarks produces an effective description of the QCD phase diagram and of the system’s equilibrium distribution properties that deviate from those of the Hadron Resonance Gas Model. The deviation is due to the inclusion of plasma screening properties, encoded in the contribution of the ring diagrams and thus to the introduction of a key feature of plasmas near phase transitions, namely, long-range correlations. After fixing the model parameters using input from LQCD for the crossover transition at vanishing chemical potential, we study the location of the Critical End Point in the effective QCD phase diagram. We use the model to study baryon number fluctuations and show that in heavy-ion collisions, the CEP can be located for collision energies \(\sqrt{s_{NN}}\sim 2\) GeV, namely, in the lowest NICA or within the HADES energy domain.

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This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: The data that support the findings of this study are available on request.]

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Acknowledgements

Support for this work was received in part by UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT grant number IG100322 and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología grant numbers A1-S-7655 and A1-S-16215. S. H.-O. acknowledges support from the U.S. DOE under Grant No. DE-FG02-00ER41132 and the Simons Foundation under the Multifarious Minds Program Grant No. 557037.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-543, CdMx, 04510, Mexico

    Alejandro Ayala

  2. Centre for Theoretical and Mathematical Physics, and Department of Physics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa

    Alejandro Ayala & L. A. Hernández

  3. Departamento de Investigación en Física, Universidad de Sonora, Boulevard Luis Encinas J. y Rosales, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    Bilgai Almeida Zamora

  4. Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Boulevard Luis Encinas J. y Rosales, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico

    J. J. Cobos-Martínez

  5. Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA

    S. Hernández-Ortiz

  6. Departamento de Física, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, C.P, CdMx, 09340, Mexico

    L. A. Hernández

  7. Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, 90000, Tlaxcala, Mexico

    L. A. Hernández

  8. Instituto de Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio C-3, Ciudad Universitaria, Francisco J. Mújica s/n Col. Felícitas del Río. C. P., 58040, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico

    Alfredo Raya

  9. Centro de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Avda. Andrés Bello 720, Casilla 447, 3800708, Chillán, Chile

    Alfredo Raya

  10. Facultad de Ciencias-CUICBAS, Universidad de Colima, Bernal Díaz del Castillo No. 340, Col. Villas San Sebastián, 28045, Colima, Mexico

    María Elena Tejeda-Yeomans

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  1. Alejandro Ayala
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  3. J. J. Cobos-Martínez
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Correspondence to María Elena Tejeda-Yeomans.

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Ayala, A., Almeida Zamora, B., Cobos-Martínez, J.J. et al. Collision energy dependence of the critical end point from baryon number fluctuations in the Linear Sigma Model with quarks. Eur. Phys. J. A 58, 87 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-022-00732-8

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