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Phase diagram for strongly interacting matter in the presence of a magnetic field using the Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with magnetic field dependent coupling strengths

  • Regular Article –Theoretical Physics
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Abstract

We study the phase diagram for strongly interacting matter using the ’t Hooft determinant extended Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with a Polyakov loop in the light and strange quark sectors (up, down and strange) focusing on the effect of a magnetic field dependence of the coupling strengths of these interactions. This dependence was obtained so as to reproduce recent lattice QCD results for the magnetic field dependence of the quarks dynamical masses. A finite magnetic field is known to induce several additional first-order phase transition lines with the respective Critical End Points (CEP) in the temperature-quark chemical potential phase diagram when compared to the zero magnetic field case. A study of the magnetic field dependence in the range eB = 0–0.6 \(\mathrm {GeV}^2\) of the location of these CEPs reveals that the initial one as well as several of the new ones only survive up to a critical magnetic field. Only two remain in the upper limit of the studied magnetic field strength. A comparison of the results obtained with versions of the model with and without Polyakov loop is also done. We also found that the inclusion of the magnetic field dependence on the coupling strengths, while not changing the qualitative features of the phase diagram, affects the location of these CEPs. The comparison of results with and without a regularization cutoff in the medium part of the integrals does not show a significant change.

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Data Availability Statement

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: The article has no data, as it is a theoretical paper.]

Notes

  1. The existence of several first-order phase transitions at zero temperature in the presence of an external magnetic field for the one and two flavor NJL models was reported in [35]. At finite temperatures an extensive study of the two flavor case can be seen in [36].

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a research grant under Project No. PTDC/FIS-NUC/29912/2017, funded by national funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P, Portugal) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Portuguese Operational Program for Competitiveness and Internationalization, COMPETE 2020, by the project CERN/FIS-PAR/0040/2019 and by national funds from FCT, within the Projects No. UIDB/04564/2020 and No. UIDP/04564/2020. This study was financed in part by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-(CAPES-Brazil)-Finance Code 001. T.E.R. thanks the support and hospitality of CFisUC and acknowledges Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq-Brazil) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES-Brazil) for PhD grants at different periods of time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Física da Universidade de Coimbra (CFisUC), Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal

    João Moreira & Pedro Costa

  2. Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil

    Tulio E. Restrepo

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  1. João Moreira
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  2. Pedro Costa
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Correspondence to João Moreira.

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Communicated by Carsten Urbach.

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Moreira, J., Costa, P. & Restrepo, T.E. Phase diagram for strongly interacting matter in the presence of a magnetic field using the Polyakov–Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model with magnetic field dependent coupling strengths. Eur. Phys. J. A 57, 123 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-021-00440-9

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