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Local and Spatial Structure of Nanofiller in Polymer Matrix and Its Influence on the Properties of Nanocomposites

  • COMPOSITE MATERIALS
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Inorganic Materials: Applied Research Aims and scope

Abstract

The structure of a nanofiller in a polymer matrix determines the properties of nanocomposites and a change in the type of structure from local to spatial; for example, formation of the percolation framework of particles (particle aggregates) of a nanofiller leads to a sharp deterioration in the properties of nanocomposites. Using the example of particulate-filled polymer/nanodiamond nanocomposites, it is shown that the transition from the standard mixing mode of a nanofiller with a polymer matrix melt in an extruder to mixing in the flow “breakdown” mode leads to a significant increase in the properties of nanocomposites. It is established that this effect is caused by a change in the type of structure of the nanofiller in the polymer matrix from a continuous spatial one (chain of nanofiller particles) to a local one (formation of individual clusters of nanoparticles). Within the framework of the fractal analysis, it is demonstrated that, when the type of structure changes from one-dimensional to two-dimensional, its fractal dimension changes from 1.18 to 1.75. The quantitative estimates of the degree of reinforcement of nanocomposites carried out within the percolation model with the established increase in the fractal dimension of the structure of the nanofiller are fully confirmed by experimental data. It is also shown that the elastic modulus of the nanofiller depends on the stiffness of the polymer matrix. The experimentally observed effect of dispersion of a nanofiller when mixing components in the “breakdown” mode is described in terms of the model of irreversible aggregation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dagestan State Pedagogical University, 367003, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia

    P. G. Rizvanova & G. M. Magomedov

  2. Kabardino-Balkarian State University, 360004, Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia

    G. V. Kozlov & I. V. Dolbin

Authors
  1. P. G. Rizvanova
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  2. G. M. Magomedov
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  3. G. V. Kozlov
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  4. I. V. Dolbin
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Correspondence to P. G. Rizvanova, G. M. Magomedov or I. V. Dolbin.

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It is shown that the dimension of the space in which the structure of the nanoscale filler is formed in the polymer matrix determines its type. The elastic modulus of the forming filler structure depends on the processing conditions of the nanocomposite. The formation of continuous nanofiller structures (chain, percolation, etc.) reduces their elastic modulus compared to local structures (aggregates, clusters), which affects the degree of reinforcement of polymer nanocomposites. Ultimately, the elastic modulus of the nanofiller is determined by the type of its structure and the rigidity of the polymer matrix.

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Translated by M. Drozdova

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Rizvanova, P.G., Magomedov, G.M., Kozlov, G.V. et al. Local and Spatial Structure of Nanofiller in Polymer Matrix and Its Influence on the Properties of Nanocomposites. Inorg. Mater. Appl. Res. 11, 665–668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113320030387

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2075113320030387

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