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Ecogeographical Variability of the Summer Bird Assemblage in the Pacific Part of Russia

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Contemporary Problems of Ecology Aims and scope

Abstract

Bird counts have been carried out in 794 habitats over 59 years (in separate seasons) from 1960 to 2018. Seventy-one bird watchers participated in collecting material. Based on the results of bird counting, a hierarchical classification and structural similarity graph are compiled for ornithocomplexes in the Pacific part of Russia, including Wrangel Island. The hierarchical classification contains 3 overtypes, 16 types, and 17 subtypes of the bird assemblage. The similarity graph is built at the type level and is represented by seven series (trends), two of which relate to undeveloped land communities of mainly the North Pacific and Amur-Sakhalin physico-geographical countries. One series consists of ornithocomplexes of residential and recreational territories and four series consist of water and near-water communities (mainland and marine). The given characteristics of classification taxa contain information on the five most numerous bird species (leaders in abundance), their part in communities, assemblage density, and background species richness and avifauna types that are prevailing in abundance. The composition of taxa was used as a basis to reveal 10 environmental factors and 32 natural and anthropogenic regimes that correlate with spatial heterogeneity of ornithocomplexes. The strength and generality of the variability of bird communities and their habitats are estimated.

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Notes

  1. The authors and descriptions that were generalized by Shuntov (2016) and Simonov (2018) are presented in these sources.

  2. The characteristics of the bird assemblage were calculated on average for the years of surveys and it is natural that they do no always correspond to the modern level of abundance. Thus, the numbers of the yellow-breasted bunting and rustic bunting have recently significantly decreased, and the numbers of synanthropic species in residential North Pacific landscapes have increased (Kamp et al., 2015; Edenius, 2016; Gerasimov and Lovkov, 2018).

  3. These indicators are presented below without being mentioned.

  4. With the inclusion of Wrangel Island.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are sincerely grateful to E.A. Govorova and G.A. Nacharkin, who allowed the use of their unpublished materials, and Yu.B. Artyukhin, M.F. Biserov, I.N. Bogomolova, E.G. Lobkov, V.G. Ivliev, A.A. Kislyi, O.G. Nekhoroshev, and S.M. Tsybulin for help in selecting literature, participating in the discussion of the article before publication, and valuable suggestions for improving it.

Funding

The generalization of the materials was carried out under the program of the FSR of State Academies for 2013–2020, project no. AAAA-A16-1161214100122-4, and within the framework of the program for increasing the competitiveness of Tomsk State University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630091, Novosibirsk, Russia

    Yu. S. Ravkin & M. I. Lyalina

  2. Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia

    Yu. S. Ravkin

  3. Moscow City University, 129164, Moscow, Russia

    V. G. Babenko

  4. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117071, Moscow, Russia

    M. S. Stishov

  5. Institute of Water and Ecological Problems, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 680000, Khabarovsk, Russia

    V. V. Pronkevich

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  1. Yu. S. Ravkin
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  4. V. V. Pronkevich
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Correspondence to Yu. S. Ravkin, V. G. Babenko, M. S. Stishov or V. V. Pronkevich.

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Ravkin, Y.S., Babenko, V.G., Stishov, M.S. et al. Ecogeographical Variability of the Summer Bird Assemblage in the Pacific Part of Russia. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 13, 577–589 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425520060128

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