Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Autochthonous Bacteriophages in the Microbial Loop Structure of Different Biotopes of Lake Baikal

  • Published:
Contemporary Problems of Ecology Aims and scope

Abstract

This article presents the results of research into autochthonous bacteriophages, a previously unknown element in the structure of the microbial loop in the ecosystem of deep oligotrophic Lake Baikal. Transmission electron microscopy was used to study the morphological diversity of phages in the water column, surface microlayer, and benthic biofilms formed at the interface between water and geological rocks (marble, granite, mica, quartz, amphibolite, gabbro, and urtite). This article presents data on the dimensional structure of autochthonous bacteriophages, as well as their quantity, seasonal dynamics, and vertical distribution from the surface to the maximum depth (1200 m) when compared with the content of bacteria. Several morphotypes of Baikal autochthonous bacteriophages affecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been isolated and characterized by molecular-genetic methods. The complete genomes of giant phage PaBG from the Myoviridae family and phage MD8 from the Siphoviridae family have been determined.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ackermann, H.W., Frequency of morphological phage description in the year 2000, Arch. Virol., 2001, vol. 146, pp. 843–857.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Auguet, J. C., Montanie, H., and Lebaron, P., Structure of virioplankton in the Charente estuary (France): transmission electron microscopy versus pulsed field gel electrophoresis, Microb. Ecol., 2006, vol. 5, pp. 197–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baikalovedenie (Baikal Studies), Sklyarov, E.V., Ed., Novosibirsk: Nauka, 2012, book 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bergh, O., Borsheim, K.Y., Bratbak, G., and Heldal, M., High abundance of viruses found in aquatic environments, Nature, 1989, vol. 340, pp. 467–468.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Børsheim, K.Y., Bratbak, G., and Heldal, M., Enumeration and biomass estimation of planktonic bacteria and viruses by transmission electron microscopy, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1990, vol. 56, pp. 352–356.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Børsheim, K.Y., Native marine bacteriophages, FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 1993, vol. 102, pp. 141–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bratback, G., Heldal, M., Norland, S., and Thingstad, T.F., Viruses as partners in spring bloom microbial trophodynamics, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1990, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1400–1405.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brum, J.R. and Sullivan, M.B., Rising to the challenge: accelerated pace of discovery transforms marine virology, Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 2015, vol. 13, pp. 147–159.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brussaard, C.P.D., Marie, D., and Bratbak, G., Flow cytometric detection of viruses, J. Virol. Methods, 2000, vol. 85, nos. 1–2, pp. 175–182.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butina, T.V., Belykh, O.I., Maksimenko, S.Y., and Belikov, S.I., Phylogenetic diversity of T4-like bacteriophages in Lake Baikal, East Siberia, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2010, vol. 309, no. 2, pp. 122–129.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Butina, T.V., Potapov, S.A., Belykh, O.I., and Belikov, S.I., Genetic diversity of cyanophages of the Myoviridae family as a constituentof the associated community of the Baikal sponge Lubomirskia baicalensis, Russ. J. Genet., 2015, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 313–317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Demuth, J., Neve, H., and Witzel, K., Direct electron microscopic study on the morphological diversity of bacteriophage populations in Lake Plußsee, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1993, vol. 59, no. 10, pp. 3378–3384.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, V.V. and Dutova, N.V., Phages of the Baikal Lake, Mezhdunarodnyi Baikal’skii mikrobiologicheskii simpozium “Mikroorganizmy v ekosistemakh ozer, rek i vodokhranilishch,” Tezisy dokladov (Int. Baikal Microbiological Symp. “Microorganisms in Ecosystems of Lakes, Rivers, and Reservoirs,” Abstracts of Papers), Irkutsk: Inst. Geogr., Sib. Otd., Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2003, p. 35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, V.V. and Dutova, N.V., Study of the morphological diversity of bacteriophages in Lake Baikal, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 2006, vol. 410, no. 1, pp. 421–423.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, V.V. and Dutova, N.V., Bacteriophages as a new trophic link in the ecosystem of the deep-water Lake Baikal, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 2009, vol. 427, no. 1, pp. 339–342.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Drucker, V.V. and Maslennikov, A.A., Coli phages in Lake Baikal and their inflows, Materialy Vsesoyuznoi nauchnoi konferentsii “Sovremennye problemy ekologii, prirodopol’zovaniya i resursosberezheniya Pribaikal’ya” (Proc. All-Union Sci. Conf. “Modern Problems of Ecology, Nature Management, and Resource Saving in Baikal Region”), Irkutsk: Inst. Geogr., Sib. Otd., Ross. Akad. Nauk, 1998, p. 279.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dutova, N.V. and Drucker, V.V., Viral community of bio-films forming on different substrates under natural conditions of Lake Baikal, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 2013, vol. 451, no. 1, pp. 238–240.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fuhrman, J.A., Marine viruses and their biogeochemical and ecological effects, Nature, 1999, vol. 399, pp. 541–548.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Galachyants, A.D., Belkova, N.L., Sukhanova, E.V., Blinov, V.V., and Parfenova, V.V., Methods of neuston sampling for the quantitative characteristic of microbial communities of Lake Baikal, Inland Water Biol., 2016, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 329–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendrix, R., Bacteriophage genomics, Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2003, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 506–511.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hofer, J. and Sommaruga, R., Seasonal dynamics of viruses in an alpine lake: importance of filamentous forms, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 2001, vol. 26, pp. 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holmfeldt, K., Middelboe, M., Nybroe, O., and Riemann, L., Large variability in host strain susceptibility and phage host-range govern interactions between lytic marine phages and their flavobacterium hosts, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2007, vol. 73, no. 21, pp. 6730–6739.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kopylov, A.I., The role of viruses in structure and functions of microbial communities in freshwater ecosystems, Zh. Sib. Fed. Univ., Biol., 2013, vol. 4, pp. 354–367.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kopylov, A.I., Kosolapov, D.V., Zabotkina, E.A., and Kosolapova, N.G., Trophic relationships between planktonic bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates and viruses in a mesoeutrophic reservoir, Contemp. Probl. Ecol., 2016a, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 297–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kopylov, A.I., Kosolapov, D.V., Zabotkina, E.A., and Rumyantseva, E.V., Viruses in bottom sediments of a mesotrophic reservoir (Rybinsk Reservoir, Upper Volga), Inland Water Biol., 2016b, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 251–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maniatis, T., Fritsch, E.F., and Sambrook, J. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Lab., 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathias, C.B., Kirscher, A.K., and Vilimirov, B., Seasonal variations of virus abundance and viral control of the bacterial production in a backwater system of the Danube River, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1995, vol. 61, no. 10, pp. 3734–3740.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Noble, R.T. and Fuhrman, J.A., Use of SYBR Green I for rapid epifluorescence counts of marine viruses and bacteria, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 1998, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 113–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noble, R.T. and Fuhrman, J.A., Breakdown and microbial uptake of marine viruses and other lysis products, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 1999, vol. 20, pp. 1–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parfenova, V.V., Gladkikh, A.S., and Belykh, O.I., Comparative analysis of biodiversity in the planktonic and biofilm bacterial communities in Lake Baikal, Microbiology (Moscow), 2013, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 91–101.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, K.G. and Feig, Y.S., The use of DAPI for identifying and counting aquatic microflora, Limnol. Oceanogr., 1980, vol. 25, pp. 943–948.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Potapov, S., Belykh, O., Krasnopeev, A., Gladkikh, A., Kabilov, M., Tupikin, A., and Butina, T., Assessing the diversity of the g23 gene of T4-like bacteriophages from Lake Baikal with high-throughput sequencing, FEMS Microbiol. Lett., 2017, vol. 364. doi https://doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnx264

  • Proctor, L.M. and Fuhrman, J.A., Viral mortality of marine bacteria and cyanobacteria, Nature, 1990, vol. 343, pp. 60–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirotkin, A.K., Gavrilova, O.V., and Voloshko, L.N., Viruses in Lake Ladoga plankton, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 2001, vol. 378, nos. 1–6, pp. 254–257.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sulcius, S., Staniulis, J., and Paskauskas, R., Morphology and distribution of phage-like particles in a eutrophic boreal lagoon, Oceanologia, 2011, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 587–603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Suttle, C.A., Viruses in the sea, Nature, 2005, vol. 437, pp. 356–361.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suttle, C.A., Chan, A.M., and Cottrell, M.T., Infection of phytoplankton by viruses and reduction of primary productivity, Nature, 1990, vol. 347, pp. 467–469.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sykilinda, N.N., Bondar, A.A., Gorshkova, A.S., Kurochkina, L.P., Kulikov, E.E., Shneider, M.M., Kadykov, V.A., Solovjeva, N.V., Kabilov, M.R., Mesyanzhinov, V.V., Vlassov, V.V., Drukker, V.V., and Miroshnikov, K.A., Complete genome sequence of the novel giant Pseudomonas phage PaBG, Genome Announce., 2014, vol. 2, no. 1, p. e00929–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tapper, M.A. and Hicks, R.E., Temperate viruses and lysogeny in Lake Superior bacterioplankton, Limnol. Oceanogr., 1998, vol. 43, pp. 95–103.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weinbauer, M.G., Ecology of prokaryotic viruses, FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 2004, vol. 28, pp. 127–181.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weinbauer, M.G. and Peduzzi, P., Frequency, size and distribution of bacteriophages in different marine bacterial morphotypes, Mar. Ecol.: Progr. Ser., 1994, vol. 108, pp. 11–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weitz, J.S. and Wilhelm, S.W., Ocean viruses and their effects on microbial communities and biogeochemical cycles, F1000 Biol. Rep., 2012, vol. 4, no. 17, pp. 1–8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wichels, A., Biel, S.S., Gelderblom, H.R., Brinkhoff, T., Muyzer, G., and Schutt, C., Bacteriophage diversity in the North Sea, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1998, vol. 64, no. 11, pp. 4128–4133.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wilhelm, S.W. and Suttle, C.A., Viruses and nutrient cycles in the Sea, Bioscience, 1999, vol. 49, pp. 781–788.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wommack, K.E. and Colwell, R.R., Virioplankton: viruses in aquatic ecosystems, Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev., 2000, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 69–114.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wommack, K.E., Hill, R.T., Kessel, M., Russek-Cohen, E., and Colwell, R.R., Distribution of viruses in the Chesapeake Bay, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 1992, vol. 58, no. 9, pp. 2965–2970.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, Y.Z., Webb, R., Greenfield, P., and Reid, S., Improved method for counting virus and virus like particles, J. Virol. Methods, 1996, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 153–159.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia

    V. V. Drucker, O. I. Belykh & A. S. Gorshkova

  2. Genomics Core Facility, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    A. A. Bondar

  3. Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia

    N. N. Sykilinda

Authors
  1. V. V. Drucker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. O. I. Belykh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. S. Gorshkova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. A. Bondar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. N. N. Sykilinda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to O. I. Belykh.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Drucker, V.V., Belykh, O.I., Gorshkova, A.S. et al. Autochthonous Bacteriophages in the Microbial Loop Structure of Different Biotopes of Lake Baikal. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 12, 143–154 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425519020045

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425519020045

Keywords

Search

Navigation