Abstract
We investigate second order (SO) logic with partial fixed point (PFP) operators for finite models. It is known that PFP-logic corresponds to PSPACE, and SO-logic for finite structures corresponds to the union of polynomial hierarchy. We propose an explicit algorithm for translation first order (FO) logic with PFP-operators to FO-logic with only one PFP-operator for finite models with linear order. Next we generalize this result to SO-logic.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
A. V. Aho and J. D. Ullman, ‘‘Universality of data retrieval languages,’’ in Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, 1979, pp. 110–120.
A. Chandra and D. Harel, ‘‘Computable queries for relational databases,’’ J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 21, 156–178 (1980).
E. F. Codd, ‘‘A relational model for large shared data banks,’’ Commun. ACM 13, 377–387 (1970).
E. F. Codd, ‘‘Relational completeness of data base sublanguages,’’ in Database Systems, Ed. by R. Rustin (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1972), pp. 33–64.
S. M. Dudakov, ‘‘On safety of recursive queries,’’ Vestn. TvGU, Ser.: Prikl. Mat., No. 4, 71–80 (2012).
Y. Gurevich and S. Shelah, ‘‘Fixed-point extensions of first-order logic,’’ Ann. Pure Appl. Logic, 265–280 (1986).
L. Libkin, Elements of Finite Model Theory (Springer, Berlin, 2004).
L. Stockmeyer, ‘‘The polynomial-time hierarchy,’’ Theor. Comput. Sci., No. 3, 1–22 (1977).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
(Submitted by M. M. Arslanov)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sekorin, V.S. Partial Fixed Point for Finite Models in Second Order Logic. Lobachevskii J Math 41, 1672–1679 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995080220090231
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995080220090231