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The Nature of Oscillatory Zoning and Mechanism of Crystal Growth in a Paragenic Intergrowth of Florencite and Xenotime

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Abstract

REE fractionation into cerium Ceg (La–Eu) and yttrium Yg (Gd–Lu) groups, as well as Lasg (La–Pr), Smsg (Nd–Eu), Gdsg (Gd–Dy), and Ybsg (Y, Ho–Lu) subgroups in xenotime and florencite crystals from the ore occurrence, Polar Urals, is considered. REE subgroups and other minor elements of the minerals form isomorphic complexes, among which are LaK [(La,Се,Pr)Al3(P,As,Si)2O8(OH)6] and SmK [(Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Sr,Ca)Al3(P,S,Si)2O8(OH)6] in florencite, and GdK [(Gd,Sm,Eu,Tb,Dy)(Р,Si)O4] and YbK [(Y,Nd,Ho,Er,Yb,Lu,Sc,U)(Р,Аs,Si)О4] in xenotime. The paper discusses the distribution of these complexes in zones of crystal growth and in the volume of crystals. The chemical compositions of simple forms of crystals are compared—namely, bipyramids and prisms of xenotime, as well as several rhombohedra of florencite. Mineral inclusions with the same compositions as xenotime and florencite hosting them are characterized and the reasons for their appearance are considered. Based on the sequence of the formation of minerals, evidence is provided for regular trends in lanthanide composition of phosphates upon their crystallization (increasing role off light lanthanides relative to heavy lanthanides). The mechanisms of crystal growth are investigated, including relative linear and volume growth rates of crystal faces, the formation of co-growth surfaces of different faces and individuals, and the nature of oscillatory and trend zoning. The existence of the tetrad effect in the lanthanide compositions of two minerals is verified.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Useful advice was received from Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences I.V. Pekov and Dr. of Geology and Mineralogy V.A. Popov during the preparation of this manuscript. No less valuable comments and suggestions were given by anonymous reviewers. We express our deep gratitude to all of them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. South Ural Scientific Center of Mineralogy and Environmental Geology, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 456317, Miass, Russia

    S. A. Repina

  2. South Ural State University, Miass Branch, ul. Kalinina 37, 456318, Miass, Russia

    V. A. Muftakhov

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  1. S. A. Repina
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  2. V. A. Muftakhov
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Correspondence to S. A. Repina or V. A. Muftakhov.

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Translated by A. Bobrov

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Repina, S.A., Muftakhov, V.A. The Nature of Oscillatory Zoning and Mechanism of Crystal Growth in a Paragenic Intergrowth of Florencite and Xenotime. Geol. Ore Deposits 63, 749–771 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701521080079

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