Abstract
The role of magmatic differentiation is considered for the formation of the Ulan-Tologoi Ta–Nb–Zr deposit (northwestern Mongolia) related to the eponymous alkali granite pluton. Data are presented on the structure of the pluton, the composition of its rocks, and distribution of rare metal mineralization. The ores of the pluton include alkali granites with contents of ore elements exceeding the normative threshold for Ta (>100 ppm). The rare metal mineralization includes pyrochlore, columbite, zircon, bastnaesite, monazite, and thorite, which are typical of all alkali–salic rocks; however, their amount varies depending on the REE content of the rocks. The pluton was formed ~298 Ma ago under the influence of a mantle-crustal melt source.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Arkhangel’skaya, V.V., Ryabtsev, V.V., and Shuriga, T.N., Geological structure and metallogeny of the tantalum deposits of Russia, Mineral. Syr’e, 2012, no. 25.
Beus, A.A., Severov, V.A., Sitnin, A.A., and Subbotin, K.D., Al’bitizirovannye i greizenizirovannye granity (apogranity) (Albitized and Greisenized Granites (Apogranites), Moscow: AN SSSR, 1967.
Burke, K. and Dewey, J.F., Plume-generated triple junctions: key indicators in applying plate tectonics to old rocks, J. Geol., 1973, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 406–433.
Grechishchev, O.K., Zhmodik S.M., Shcherbov B.L. Redkometal’noe mestorozhdenie Ulug-Tanzek (Rare-Metal Ulug-Tanzek Deposit), Novosibirsk.: GEO, 2010.
Hogarth, D.D., Classification and nomenclature of the pyrochlore group, Am. Mineral., 1977, vol. 62, pp. 403–410.
Kovach, V.P., Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kovalenko, V.I., et al., Composition, sources, and mechanisms of formation of the continental crust of the Lake Zone of the Central Asian Caledonides. II. Geochemical and Nd isotope data, Petrology, 2011, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 399–425.
Kovalenko, D.V., Mongush, A.A., and Mokrushnikov, V.P., Stages in the geodynamic evolution of the Lake Zone, western Mongolia, Materialy XLVI tektonicheskogo soveshchaniya (Proceedings of 46th Tectonic Conference), Moscow, 2014, pp. 185–190.
Kovalenko, V.I., Petrologiya i geokhimiya redkometal’nykh granitov (Petrology and Geochemistry of Rare-Metal Granites), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1977.
Kovalenko, V.I., Pukhtel, I.S., Yarmolyuk, V.V., et al., The Sm–Nd isotopic systematics of ophiolites in the Ozernaya Zone (Mongolia), Stratigraphy. Geol. Correl., 1996, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 107–113.
Kovalenko, V.I., Yarmolyuk, V.V., Andreeva, I.A., et al., Redkometal’nyi magmatizm: assotsiatsii porod, sostav i istochniki magm, geodinamicheskie obstanovki formirovaniya (Rare Metal Magmatism: Rock Associations, Magma Composition and Sources, and Geodynamic Settings), Moscow: IGEM RAN, 2006.
Kovalenko V.I., Yarmolyuk V.V., Kovach V.P., et al., Multiple magma sources for the peralkaline granitoids and related rocks of the Khaldzan Buregte Group of massifs, Western Mongolia: isotopic (neodymium, strontium, and oxygen) and geochemical data, Petrology, 2004, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 497–518.
Kovalenko V.I., Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kozlovsky, A.M., and Ivanov, V.G., Magmatic sources of alkaline granitoids and related rocks from intraplate magmatic associations in Central Asia, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2001, vol. 377, pp. 354–358.
Kudrin, V.S., Kudrina, M.A., and Shuriga, T.N., Rare-Metal metasomatic rocks related to subalkaline granitoids, Geologiya mestorozhdenii redkikh elementov (Geology of Rare-Element Deposits), Moscow: Nauka, 1965, no. 25.
Kudrin, V.S. and Shuriga, T.N., Specifics of mineral composition of large rare-metal deposits amd plutonogenic alkaline quartz–albite–microcline metasomatites, Krupnye i unikal’nye mestorozhdeniya redkikh i blagorodnykh metallov. Sb. nauchnykh statei (Large and Unique Deposits of Rare and Noble Metals. A Collection of Papers), St.-Petersburg, 1998, pp. 110–112.
Kuz’menko, M.V. and Es’kova, E.M., Tantal i niobii (Tantalum and Niobium), Moscow: Nedra, 1968.
Kuzmin, M.I., Yarmolyuk, V.V., and Kravchinsky, V.A., Phanerozoic hot spot traces and paleogeographic reconstructions of the Siberian continent based on interaction with the African large low shear velocity province, Earth Sci. Rev., 2010, vol. 102, pp. 29–59.
Nasraoui, M. and Bilal, E., Pyrochlores from the Lueshe carbonatite complex (Democratic Republic of Congo): a geochemical record of different alteration stages, J. Asian Earth Sci., 2000, vol. 18, pp. 237–251.
Petrograficheskii kodeks. Magmaticheskkie, metamorficheskie, metasomaticheskie, impaktnye obrazovaniya (Petrographic Code. Magmatic, Metamorphic, Metasomatic, and Impact Rocks), St.-Petersburg: VSEGEI, 2009.
Sun, S.S. and McDonough, W.F., Chemical and isotopic systematic of oceanic basalts: implications for mantel composition and processes, Magmatism in Ocean Basalts, Saunders, A.D. and Norry, M.J., Eds., Geol. Soc. London: Spec. Publ., 1989, vol. 42, pp. 313–345.
Vladykin, N.V., Alymova, N.V., and Perfil’ev, V.V., Geochemical features of rare-metal granites of the Zashikhinsky Massif, East Sayan, Petrology, 2016, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 512–525.
Yarmolyuk, V.V. and Kovalenko, V.I., Deep geodynamics and mantle plumes: their role in the formation of the Central Asian Fold Belt Petrology, 2003, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 504–531.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kovalenko, V.I., Kovach, V.P., et al., Isotopic composition, sources of crustal magmatism, and crustal structure of Caledonides of the Ozernaya Zone, Central Asian Foldbelt, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2002, vol. 387, pp. 1043–1047.
Yarmolyuk, V.V. and Kuzmin, M.I., Late Paleozoic and Early Mesozoic rare-metal magmatism of Central Asia: stages, provinces, and formation settings, Geol Ore Deposits, 2012, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 313–333.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Kuzmin, M.I., and Kozlovsky, A.M., Late Paleozoic–Early Mesozoic within-plate magmatism in North Asia: traps, rifts, giant batholiths, and the geodynamics of their origin, Petrology, 2013, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 101–126.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Lykhin, D.A., Kozlovskii, A.M., et al., Composition, sources, and mechanisms of origin of raremetal granitoids in the Late Paleozoic Eastern Sayan Zone of alkaline magmatism: a case study of the Ulaan Tolgoi Massif, Petrology, 2016, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 447–496.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Lykhin, D.A., Shuriga, T.N., et al., Age, composition of rocks, and geological setting of the Snezhnoe beryllium deposit: substantiation of the Late Paleozoic East Sayan rare-metal zone, Russia, Geol. Ore Deposits, 2011, vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 390–400.
Yarmolyuk, V.V., Nikiforov, A.V., Salnikova, E.B., et al., Rare-metal granitoids of the Ulug-Tanzek Deposit (Eastern Tyva): age and tectonic setting, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2010, vol. 430, pp. 248–253.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © D.A. Lykhin, V.V. Yarmolyuk, A.V. Nikiforov, A.M. Kozlovsky, L.O. Magazina, 2018, published in Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 2018, Vol. 60, No. 6, pp. 519–545.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lykhin, D.A., Yarmolyuk, V.V., Nikiforov, A.V. et al. Ulan-Tologoi Ta–Nb Deposit: the Role of Magmatism in the Formation of Rare Metal Mineralization. Geol. Ore Deposits 60, 461–485 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701518050057
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701518050057