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Effectiveness of Biochar, Organic Matter and Mycorrhiza to Improve Soil Hydrophysical Properties and Water Relations of Soybean under Arid Soil Conditions

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Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of biochar, organic matter (hundz soil) and mycorrhiza on soil hydrophysical properties, irrigation water applied and water productivity of soybean crop in arid soils. The treatments included eight practices i.e., control (C), 15 t ha–1 biochar (B), 15 t ha–1 hundz soil (H), 2.5 kg ha–1 mycorrhiza (M), 15 t ha–1 B + 2.5 kg ha–1 M (B + M), 15 t ha–1 H + 2.5 kg ha–1 M (H + M), 7.5 t ha–1 B + 7.5 kg ha–1 H (50% B + 50% H) and 7.5 t ha–1 B + 7.5 t ha–1 H + 2.5 kg ha–1 (50% B + 50% H + M). The results observed that there is a significant decrease in soil bulk density at the mixture of B, H and M. Also, a significant increase in soil porosity and hydraulic conductivity were recorded. The reduction of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and irrigation water applied (IWA) by the treatments could be set in the descending order: 50% B + 50% H + M > 50% B + 50% H > H + M > B + M > H > B > M > C. The highest relative decrease (mean of both seasons) of ETa and IWA were 25.98% and 23.46%, respectively at 50% B + 50% H + M treatment. Also, crop water productivity and irrigation water productivity were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased as compared to control. Plant height, seed index, seed yield, portion content and oil content were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased as a result applying of B, H and M. The results imply that the mixture of biochar, hundz soil and treated soybean seed with mycorrhiza are considered a valuable approach to improve soil hydrophysical properties, water productivity and soybean yield in arid regions.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Authors would like to thank and appreciate Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University in Assiut and Cairo and Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt for support this work.

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  1. Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

    M. M. EL-Sayed & M. Gebreel

  2. Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

    A. Y. Mahdy

  3. Soils and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

    S. A. Abdeen

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EL-Sayed, M.M., Mahdy, A.Y., Gebreel, M. et al. Effectiveness of Biochar, Organic Matter and Mycorrhiza to Improve Soil Hydrophysical Properties and Water Relations of Soybean under Arid Soil Conditions. Eurasian Soil Sc. 56, 1055–1066 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229323600276

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