Abstract
In this paper the design, implementation and performance analysis of 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional wavelength/time/space codes in OCDMA system have been presented using folding of Golomb rulers. It is shown that BER increases with increase in number of active users when number of decoder’s increases on receiver side. Further, the optical encoding/decoding for 90 km length of fiber without amplification has been reported with good quality factor (Q) with 32 users while maintaining bit-error rate (BER) < 1e-11 for the correctly decoded signal. The comparison of 3-D single pulse differential detection (SPDD) with designed 2-D wavelength-time (W/T) matrix codes shows that the 3-D SPDD codes perform significantly better.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. J. Mendez, R. M. Gagliardi, V. J. Hernandez, C. V. Bennett, and W. J. Lennon, “Design and performance analysis of wavelength/time (W/T) matrix codes for optical CDMA,” IEEE J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 524–533 (2003).
Xiaoli Sun and F. M. Davidson, “Photon counting with silicon avalanche photodiodes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 10, 1023–1032 (1992).
A. Stok and E. H. Sargent, “System performance comparison of optical CDMA and WDMA in a broadcast local area network,” IEEE Commun. Lett. 6, 409–411 (2002).
J. Singh and M. Lal Singh, “A new family of 3-dimensioinal codes for optical CDMA systems with differential detection,” J. Optical Fiber Technol., ELSEVIER 24, 474–476, (2009).
F. R. K. Chung and J. A. Salehi, “Optical orthogonal codes: Design, Analysis, and application,” IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 35, 1021–1026 (1989).
R. Randhawa, S. Singh, J. S. Sohal, and R. S. Kaler, “Wavelength converter using semiconductor optical amplifier Mach-Zender interferometer based on XPM at 40 Gb/s for future transport networks,” Fiber Integr. Opt. 28, 154–169 (2009).
R. S. Kaler, A. Sharma and T. S. Kamal, “Approximate and exact small signal analysis for single mode fiber near zero dispersion wavelengths with higher order dispersion,” Fiber Integr. Opt. 21, 391–415 (2002).
A. J. Mendez, R. M. Gagliardi, V. J. Hernandez, C. V. Bennett, and W. J. Lennon, “High-performance optical CDMA system based on 2-D optical orthogonal codes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 22, 2409–2411 (2004).
E. S. Shivaleela, A. Selvarajan, and T. Srinivas, “Two-dimensional optical orthogonal codes for fiber-optic CDMA networks,” J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 647–654 (2005).
V. J. Hernandez, A. J. Mendez, C. V. Bennett, and W. J. Lennon, “Simple Robust Receiver Structure for Gigabit Ethernet O-CDMA Using Matrix Codes,” J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 3105–3110 (2005).
V. J. Hernandez, A. J. Mendez, C. V. Bennett, R. M. Gagliardi, and W. J. Lennon, “Bit-error-rate analysis of a 16-user gigabit ethernet optical-CDMA (O-CDMA) technology demonstrator using wave-length/time codes,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 17, 2784–2789 (2005).
A. J. Mendez, R. M. Gagliardi, V. J. Hernandez, C. V. Bennett, and W. J. Lennon, “Design and performance analysis of Wavelength/Time (W/T) matrix codes for optical CDMA,” J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 2524–2533 (2003).
R. O. Preda and N. D. Vizireanu, “Quantisation-based video watermarking in the wavelet domain with spatial and temporal redundancy,” Int. J. Electron. 98, 393–405 (2011).
I. Yohannes and M. Assaad, “A four-colour optical detector circuit,” Int. J. Electron., Taylor and Francis, available online, pp.1–9, May (2012).
S. V. Halunga and D. N. Vizireanu, “Performance evaluation for conventional and MMSE multiuser detection algorithms in imperfect reception conditions,” Digital Signal Process., Elsevier 20, 166–178 (2010).
R. M. H. Yim, J. Bajcsy, and L. R. Chen, “A new family of 2D wavelength-time codes for optical CDMA with differential detection,” IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 15, 165–167 (2003).
R. M. Gagliardi and A. J. Mendez, “Performance improvement with hybrid WDM and CDMA optical communications,” in Proc. Wavelength Division Multi-plexing Components (WDM) Conf., Photon’s West’96 (SPIE, 1996), Vol. 2690, pp. 88–96.
Drakakis and Konstantinos, “A Review of the Available Construction Methods for Golomb Rulers,” Adv. Math. Comm. 3, 235–250 (2009).
S. Kim, K. Yu, and N. Park, “A New Family of Space/Wavelength/Time Spread Three-Dimensional Optical Code for OCDMA Networks”, J. Lightwave Technol. 18, 502–511 (2000).
G. K. Maity, “Realization of orthogonal codes in optical information processing,” in Emerging Applications of Information Technology (EAIT) (Proc. 3rd Int. Conf., Kolkata, West Bengal, India, Nov. 30 2012–Dec. 1, 2012) (IEEE, New York, 2012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Monga, H., Kaler, R.S. Investigating wavelength allocation and suitable modulation format for 2-d wavelength/time and 3-d wavelength/time/space codes in order to enhance system performance. J. Commun. Technol. Electron. 59, 1180–1189 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106422691411014X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S106422691411014X