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The Effect of a Saturable Absorber in Long-Wavelength Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Fabricated by Wafer Fusion Technology

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Abstract

An investigation has been performed of 1.55-μm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers based on heterostructures with a buried tunnel junction (BTJ) with a height difference of 15 nm. The devices are obtained by wafer fusion of heterostructures grown by molecular beam epitaxy and provide single-mode lasing at a BTJ diameter of up to 8 μm. A decrease in the BTJ size leads to a sharp increase in the threshold current, the output optical power, and the resonance frequency at the lasing threshold. Stable single-mode lasing takes place due to the smoothed boundary of the buried surface relief, which induces a gradual change in the profile of the effective refractive index in the lateral direction with the effective current confinement retained. This makes it possible to reduce significantly the transverse optical confinement factor for the higher-order modes even at a large BTJ size. However, at a small BTJ size, it leads to the formation of a saturable absorber in unpumped parts of the active region.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. A. Blokhin, M. A. Bobrov & N. A. Maleev

  2. Submicron Heterostructures for Microelectronics Research & Engineering Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. A. Blokhin, A. P. Vasil’ev, A. G. Kuz’menkov & V. M. Ustinov

  3. St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia

    N. A. Maleev, D. V. Denisov & V. M. Ustinov

  4. St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. S. Rochas, A. G. Gladyshev, A. V. Babichev, I. I. Novikov, L. Ya. Karachinsky & A. Yu. Egorov

  5. Connector Optics LLC, 194292, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. G. Gladyshev, A. V. Babichev & L. Ya. Karachinsky

  6. Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, 173003, Veliky Novgorod, Russia

    K. O. Voropaev

  7. AO OKB-Planeta, 173004, Veliky Novgorod, Russia

    K. O. Voropaev & A. S. Ionov

Authors
  1. S. A. Blokhin
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  2. M. A. Bobrov
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  3. A. A. Blokhin
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  4. A. P. Vasil’ev
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  5. A. G. Kuz’menkov
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  6. N. A. Maleev
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  7. S. S. Rochas
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  8. A. G. Gladyshev
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  9. A. V. Babichev
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  10. I. I. Novikov
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  11. L. Ya. Karachinsky
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  12. D. V. Denisov
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  13. K. O. Voropaev
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  14. A. S. Ionov
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  15. A. Yu. Egorov
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  16. V. M. Ustinov
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. A. Blokhin.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Translated by A. Sin’kov

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Blokhin, S.A., Bobrov, M.A., Blokhin, A.A. et al. The Effect of a Saturable Absorber in Long-Wavelength Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Fabricated by Wafer Fusion Technology. Tech. Phys. Lett. 46, 1257–1262 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063785020120172

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