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CALET Observations during the First 5 Years on the ISS

  • Elementary Particles and Fields/Experiment
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Abstract

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope CALET is collecting science data on the International Space Station since October 2015 with excellent and continuous performance. Energy is measured with a deep homogeneous calorimeter (1.2 nuclear interaction lengths, 27 radiation lengths) preceded by an imaging pre-shower (3 radiation lengths, 1mm granularity) providing tracking and \(10^{-5}\) electron/proton discrimination. Two independent sub-systems identify the charge \(Z\) of the incident particle from proton to iron and above (\({{Z}<}\)40). CALET measures the cosmic-ray electron + positron flux up to 20 TeV, gamma rays up to 10 TeV, and nuclei up to the PeV scale. In this paper, we report the on-orbit performance of the instrument and summarize the main results obtained during the first 5 years of operation, including the electron + positron energy spectrum and the individual spectra of protons, heavier nuclei and iron. Solar modulation and gamma-ray observations are also concisely reported, as well as transient phenomena and the search for gravitational wave counterparts.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We gratefully acknowledge JAXA’s contributions to the development of CALET and to the operations onboard the ISS. We also wish to express our sincere gratitude to ASI and NASA for their support of the CALET mission.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy

    P. S. Marrocchesi, G. Bigongiari, P. Brogi, F. Stolzi & A. Sulaj

  2. INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    P. S. Marrocchesi, G. Bigongiari, P. Brogi, A. M. Messineo, F. Stolzi & A. Sulaj

  3. Department of Physics, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

    O. Adriani, E. Berti, M. Bongi & C. Checchia

  4. INFN Sezione di Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

    O. Adriani, E. Berti, M. Bongi, C. Checchia, N. Mori, L. Pacini, P. Papini & S. B. Ricciarini

  5. CRESST and Astroparticle Physics Laboratory NASA/GSFC, MD 20771, Greenbelt, USA

    Y. Akaike, N. Cannady, J. F. Krizmanic & M. Sasaki

  6. Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, MD 21250, Baltimore, USA

    Y. Akaike, N. Cannady, J. F. Krizmanic & M. Sasaki

  7. Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, 169-8555, Tokyo, Shinjuku, Japan

    Y. Asaoka & S. Torii

  8. JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, 305-8505, Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan

    Y. Asaoka & S. Torii

  9. Heliospheric Science Division, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center — Code 672, Bldg. 21, Room 137D, MD 20771, Greenbelt, USA

    A. Bruno

  10. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, LA 70803, Baton Rouge, USA

    M. L. Cherry, A. W. Ficklin, T. G. Guzik, Y. Kawakubo & J. P. Wefel

  11. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy

    G. Collazuol

  12. INFN Sezione di Padova, 35131, Padova, Italy

    G. Collazuol

  13. Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, 036-8561, Aomori, Hirosaki, Japan

    M. Ichimura

  14. Department of Physics, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, MO 63130-4899, St. Louis, USA

    M. H. Israel, B. F. Rauch & W. V. Zober

  15. Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, 337-8570, Saitama, Minuma, Japan

    K. Kasahara & K. Yoshida

  16. University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, 56127, Pisa, Italy

    A. M. Messineo

  17. Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, MD 20771, Greenbelt, USA

    J. W. Mitchell

  18. Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, 312-8508, Ibaraki, Hitachinaka, Japan

    S. Miyake

  19. Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, 525-8577, Shiga, Japan

    M. Mori

  20. International Center for Science and Engineering Programs, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, 169-8555, Tokyo, Shinjuku, Japan

    H. M. Motz

  21. Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, 390-8621, Nagano, Matsumoto, Japan

    K. Munakata

  22. University of Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, 00133, Rome, Italy

    F. Palma

  23. INFN Sezione di Rome ‘‘Tor Vergata’’, 00133, Rome, Italy

    F. Palma

  24. Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

    S. B. Ricciarini

  25. College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, 252-5258, Kanagawa, Sagamihara, Japan

    T. Sakamoto

  26. Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, 221-8686, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Japan

    T. Tamura

  27. School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, 169-8555, Tokyo, Shinjuku, Japan

    S. Torii

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  1. P. S. Marrocchesi
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  2. O. Adriani
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  3. Y. Akaike
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  4. Y. Asaoka
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  6. G. Bigongiari
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  7. M. Bongi
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  8. P. Brogi
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  9. A. Bruno
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  10. N. Cannady
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  11. C. Checchia
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  12. M. L. Cherry
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  13. G. Collazuol
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  14. A. W. Ficklin
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  15. T. G. Guzik
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  16. M. Ichimura
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  17. M. H. Israel
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  18. K. Kasahara
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  19. Y. Kawakubo
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  20. J. F. Krizmanic
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  21. A. M. Messineo
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  22. J. W. Mitchell
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  23. S. Miyake
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  24. M. Mori
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  25. N. Mori
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  26. H. M. Motz
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  27. K. Munakata
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  28. L. Pacini
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  29. F. Palma
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  30. P. Papini
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  31. B. F. Rauch
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  32. S. B. Ricciarini
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  33. T. Sakamoto
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  34. M. Sasaki
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  35. F. Stolzi
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  36. A. Sulaj
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  37. T. Tamura
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  38. S. Torii
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  39. J. P. Wefel
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  40. K. Yoshida
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  41. W. V. Zober
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Consortia

CALET Collaboration

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. S. Marrocchesi.

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Marrocchesi, P.S., Adriani, O., Akaike, Y. et al. CALET Observations during the First 5 Years on the ISS. Phys. Atom. Nuclei 84, 985–994 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778821130214

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778821130214

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