Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Model of liquid-metal splashing in the cathode spot of a vacuum arc discharge

  • Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
  • Published:
Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The formation of microjets is studied during the extrusion of a melted metal by the plasma pressure from craters formed on a cathode in a burning vacuum arc. An analytic model of liquid-metal splashing that includes two stages is proposed. At the first stage, the liquid motion has the axial symmetry and a liquid-metal wall surrounding the crater is formed. At the second stage, the axial symmetry is broken due to the development of the Plateau–Rayleigh instability in the upper part of the wall. The wall breakup process is shown to have a threshold. The minimal plasma pressure and the minimal electric current flowing through the crater required for obtaining the liquid-metal splashing regime are found. The basic spatial and temporal characteristics of the jet formation process are found using the analytic model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. I. G. Kesaev, Catode Processes of the Electric Arc (Nauka, Moscow, 1968) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. A. Mesyats, Ectons in a Vacuum Discharge: Breakdown, the Spark, and the Arc (Nauka, Moscow, 2000) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  3. G. A. Mesyats, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41, 676 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. G. A. Mesyats, Phys. Usp. 38, 567 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. E. Daalder, IEEE Trans. Power Appl. Syst. 93, 1747 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. V. F. Puchkarev and A. M. Murzakaev, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 23, 26 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  7. A. Anders, S. Anders, B. Juttner, W. Botticher, H. Luck, and G. Schroder, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 20, 466 (1992).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. B. Juttner, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 28, 516 (1995), J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 30, 221 (1997); J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 31, 1728 (1998).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. G. W. McClure, J. Appl. Phys. 45, 2078 (1974).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. R. Tanberg, Phys. Rev. 35, 1080 (1930).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  11. G. A. Mesyats, M. B. Bochkarev, A. A. Petrov, and S. A. Barengolts, Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 184101 (2014).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  12. G. A. Mesyats and M. M. Tsventoukh, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43, 3320 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. D. L. Shmelev and E. A. Litvinov, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 25, 533 (1997).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. E. Hantzsche, Beitr. Plasma Phys. 17, 65 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. G. A. Mesyats and I. V. Uimanov, IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43, 2241 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. G. A. Mesyats and N. M. Zubarev, J. Appl. Phys. 117, 043302 (2015).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. L. V. Zhang, P. Brunet, J. Eggers, and R. D. Deegan, Phys. Fluids 22, 122105 (2010).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. G. A. Mesyats and N. M. Zubarev, J. Appl. Phys. 113, 203301 (2013).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. G. A. Mesyats and N. M. Zubarev, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Fiz. 57 (11/3), 275 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  20. G. Lamb, Hydrodynamics (Cambridge Univ., Cambridge, 1975; Gostekhizdat, Moscow, Leningrad, 1947).

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  21. A. Anders, Cathodic Arcs: From Fractal Spots to Energetic Condensation (Springer, New York, 2008).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. J. E. Daalder, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 9, 2379 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  23. A. L. Yarin and D. A. Weiss, J. Fluid Mech. 283, 141 (1995).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  24. G. A. Mesyats and S. A. Barengolts, Phys. Usp. 45, 1001 (2002).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Physical Values, the Handbook, Ed. by I. S. Grigor’ev and E. Z. Meilikhov (Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1991) [in Russian].

  26. T. Utsumi and J. H. English, J. Appl. Phys. 46, 126 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  27. G. E. Cossali, A. Coghe, and M. Marengo, Exp. Fluids 22, 463 (1997).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. R. L. VanderWal, G. M. Berger, and S. D. Mozes, Exp. Fluids 40, 53 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. An-Bang Wang and Chi-Chang Chen, Phys. Fluids 12, 2155 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  30. L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, Course of Theoretical Physics, Vol. 6: Fluid Mechanics (Nauka, Moscow, 1986; Pergamon, New York, 1987).

    Google Scholar 

  31. V. G. Suvorov and N. M. Zubarev, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 37, 289 (2004).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  32. N. M. Zubarev, Tech. Phys. Lett. 25, 920 (1999).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  33. N. M. Zubarev, Physica D 152, 787 (2001).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  34. G. Yu. Yushkov, A. Anders, E. M. Oks, and I. G. Brown, J. Appl. Phys. 88, 5618 (2000).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  35. J. E. Daalder, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 8, 1647 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, 620016, Russia

    M. A. Gashkov, N. M. Zubarev, O. V. Zubareva, G. A. Mesyats & I. V. Uimanov

  2. Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    N. M. Zubarev & G. A. Mesyats

Authors
  1. M. A. Gashkov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. N. M. Zubarev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. O. V. Zubareva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. A. Mesyats
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. I. V. Uimanov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. M. Zubarev.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © M.A. Gashkov, N.M. Zubarev, O.V. Zubareva, G.A. Mesyats, I.V. Uimanov, 2016, published in Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2016, Vol. 149, No. 4, pp. 896–908.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gashkov, M.A., Zubarev, N.M., Zubareva, O.V. et al. Model of liquid-metal splashing in the cathode spot of a vacuum arc discharge. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 122, 776–786 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776116040051

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776116040051

Keywords

Search

Navigation