Abstract
The fabrication of the electrode surface has been a target of investigation for several researchers trying to increase the analytical performance of electrochemical sensors. Here, the use of a trihexyltetradecylphosphonium ionic liquid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and zinc oxide nanoparticles as an active nanocomposite for the electrochemical detection of isoniazid (INZ) has been proposed for the first time. The fabricated glassy carbon electrode was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, under the optimized conditions, the proposed electrochemical sensor exhibited a synergetic effect of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and ionic liquid anchored on its backbone, which promoted a substantial enrichment of the electrochemical oxidation of INZ. The developed sensor showed an 8-fold improvement in the differential pulse voltammetry signal carried out at pH 5 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The figures of merits were found such as linear dynamic response for INZ concentration ranging from 2 to 28 μM with detection and quantification limits of 0.012 and 0.21 μM, respectively. The applicability of the proposed electrode materials in the pharmaceutical industry was shown.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Rastogi, P.K., Ganesan, V., and Azad, U.P., Electrochim. Acta, 2016, vol. 188, p. 818.
Becker, C., Dressman, J.B., Amidon, G.L., Junginger, H.E., Kopp, S., Midha, K.K., Shah, V.P., Stavchansky, S., and Barends, D.M., Int. Pharm. Federation, G.B.C.S., 2007, vol. 96, p. 522.
Mitchell, P., FEBS Lett., 1975, vol. 59, p. 137.
Koppenol, W. and Butler, J., Isr. J. Chem., 1984, vol. 24, p. 11.
Fang, P.F., Cai, H.L., Li, H.D., Zhu, R.H., Tan, Q.Y., Gao, W., Xu, P., Liu, Y.P., Zhang, W.Y., Chen, Y.C., and Zhang, F., J. Chromatogr. B: Anal. Technol. Biomed. Life Sci., 2010, vol. 878, p. 2286.
Karlaganis, G., Peretti, E., and Lauterburg, B.H., J. Chromatogr. B: Biomed. Sci. Appl., 1987, vol. 420, p. 171.
Schultz, B.E. and Chan, S.I., AnnU. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. StrucT., 2001, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 23.
Haghighi, B. and Bozorgzadeh, S., Microchem. J., 2010, vol. 95, no. 2, p. 192.
Chokkareddy, R., Bhajanthri, N.K., and Redhi, G.G., Biosensors, 2017, vol. 7, no. 21, p. 1.
Gowthaman, N., Kesavan, S., and John, S.A., Sens. Actuators, B, 2016, vol. 230, p. 157.
Shahrokhian, S. and Asadian, E., Electrochim. Acta, 2010, vol. 55, no. 3, p. 666.
Szlosarczyk, M., Piech, R., Bator, B., Maslanka, A., Opoka, W., and Krzek, J., Pharm. Anal. Acta, 2012, vol. 3, p. 1.
Ferraz, B.R.L., Leite, F.R.F., and Malagutti, A.R., Talanta, 2016, vol. 154, p. 197.
Shahrokhian, S. and Amiri, M., Microchim. Acta, 2007, vol. 157, nos. 3–4, p. 149.
Guo, Z., Wang, Z.-Y., Wang, H.-H., Huang, G.-Q., and Li, M., Mater. Sci. Eng., C, 2015, vol. 57, p. 197.
The World Health Report 2000: Health Systems: Improving Performance, World Health Organization, 2000.
Chokkareddy, R., Bhajanthri, N.K., Redhi, G.G., and Redhi, D.G., Curr. Anal. Chem., 2018, vol. 14, no. 4, p. 391.
Chokkareddy, R., Bhajanthri, N.K., and Redhi, G.G., Indian J. Chem., Sect. A, 2018, vol. 57A, no. 7, p. 887.
Wang, X., Zheng, K., Feng, X., Xu, C., and Song, W., Sens. Actuators, B, 2015, vol. 219, p. 361.
Cheemalapati, S., Palanisamy, S., and Chen, S.-M., Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2013, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 3953.
Alothman, Z.A., Bukhari, N., Wabaidur, S.M., and Haider, S., Sens. Actuators, B, 2010, vol. 146, no. 1, p. 314.
Kavosi, B., Salimi, A., Hallaj, R., and Amani, K., Biosens. Bioelectron., 2014, vol. 52, p. 20.
Jain, R. and Sharma, S., J. Pharm. Anal., 2012, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 56.
Xiong, H.M., Shchukin, D.G., Mohwald, H., Xu, Y., and Xia, Y.Y., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2009, vol. 48, no. 15, p. 2727.
Moharram, A.H., Mansour, S.A., and Hussein, M.A., J. Nanomater., 2014, vol. 2014, p. 1.
Khalil, M.I., Al-Qunaibit, M.M., Al-zahem, A.M., and Labis, J.P., Arab. J. Chem., 2014, vol. 7, no. 6, p. 1178.
Becheri, A. and Durr, M., Lo Nostro, P., and Baglioni, P., J. Nanopart. Res., 2008, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 679.
Sataraddi, S.R., Patil, S.M., and Nandibewoor, S.T., Anal. Bioanal. Electrochem., 2015, vol. 7, no. 2, p. 161.
Laurent, S., Forge, D., Port, M., Roch, A., and Robic, C., Vander Elst, L., and Müller, R.N., Chem. Rev., 2008, vol. 108, no. 6, p. 2064.
Asadpour-Zeynali, K., Shabangoli, Y., and Nejati, K., J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 2015, vol. 13, no. 1, p. 29.
Xia, H. and Ya Hu, Anal. Lett., 2005, vol. 38, no. 9, p. 1405.
Bergamini, M.F., Santos, D.P., and Zanoni, M.V., Bioelectrochemistry, 2010, vol. 77, p. 133.
Ghoneim, M.M., El-Baradie, K.Y., and Tawfik, A., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2003, vol. 33, no. 4, p. 673.
Baier, A., Ndoh, V.N., Lacy, P., and Eitzen, G., J. Electroanal. Chem., 2016, vol. 761, p. 1.
Absalan, G., Akhond, M., Soleimani, M., and Ershadifar, H., J. Electroanal. Chem., 2016, vol. 761, p. 1.
Zumla, A., George, A., Sharma, V., Herbert, R.H.N., Oxley, A., and Oliver, M., The Lancet Global Health, 2015, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 10.
Cheemalapati, S., Chen, S.M., Ali, M.A., and Al-Hemaid, F.M., Colloids Surf., B, 2014, vol. 121, p. 444.
Azad, U.P. and Ganesan, V.J., Solid State Electrochem., 2012, vol. 16, no. 9, p. 2907.
Funding
The authors gratefully acknowledge Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa for financial assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Gan G Redhi A Facile Electrochemical Sensor Based on Ionic Liquid Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Isoniazid Detection. J Anal Chem 75, 1638–1646 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934820120059
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934820120059