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Respiration, Energy Storage, and Pro-/Antioxidant Metabolism in Achillea millefolium Underground Shoot Apex during Photomorphogenesis

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Abstract

Data on the energy status and activity of pro-/antioxidant metabolism during photomorphogenesis of the rhizome apex of Achillea millefolium L. were obtained. At the photophobic stage of development, etiolated rhizome apices were characterized by increased respiration intensity and energy storage rate: the share of energetically efficient cytochrome respiration was 60%, and the contribution of the alternative respiration pathway (AR) did not exceed 25% of total respiration. The etiolated apices accumulated significant amounts of prooxidants and were characterized by relatively high activity of guaiacol peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, which may be associated with the involvement of components of pro-/antioxidant metabolism in the regulation of growth and differentiation of cells and tissues in the growth cone during underground growth. A significant decrease in the rate of energy storage and an increase in the ability of an energetically low-efficient AR, the share of which was 50% of the total respiratory activity, were found in the apex of the greening sarment at the photophilic stage. The photomorphogenetic transition in the apices of greening sarments showed an increase in pro-/antioxidant metabolism: the concentration of products reacting with thiobarbituric acid (TBA-RS) and H2O2 increased by 25–30%, and the level of antioxidant enzyme activity increased by 24–86%. The photomorphogenetic transition did not lead to the emergence of new isoforms of antioxidant enzymes; however, changes in their activity depending on the phase of shoot development were revealed. The activity of the copper/zinc-containing isoform of superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD-2) localized in chloroplasts of young leaves of sarments increased. A decrease in the content of prooxidants in the leaves and an increase in the ability of the cytochrome pathway of respiration were found, which reflects the successful adaptation of underground shoots of A. millefolium to growth in the light.

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Funding

The work was carried out within the framework of the state budget R&D theme Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Bioenergetics of Plants and Phototrophic Organisms (Physiological-Biochemical, Molecular-Genetic, and Ecological Aspects) (registration no. 122040600021-4).

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  1. Institute of Biology, Komi Research Center, Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Syktyvkar, Russia

    S. P. Maslova, M. A. Shelyakin, E. V. Silina & R. V. Malyshev

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  1. S. P. Maslova
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Correspondence to S. P. Maslova.

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Translated by M. Shulskaya

Abbreviations: CR—cytochrome respiration; AR—alternative respiration pathway; LPO—lipid peroxidation; TBA-RS—products reacting with thiobarbituric acid; SOD—superoxide dismutase; GPX—guaiacol peroxidase; CAT—catalase.

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Maslova, S.P., Shelyakin, M.A., Silina, E.V. et al. Respiration, Energy Storage, and Pro-/Antioxidant Metabolism in Achillea millefolium Underground Shoot Apex during Photomorphogenesis. Russ J Plant Physiol 69, 116 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443722060206

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