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Light Regulation of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Isoenzymes in Plants

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Abstract

Light regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) in green plant leaves is carried out by active forms of phytochrome and cryptochrome as well as other mechanisms that exhibit an inhibitory effect on the activity of a number of mitochondrial isoenzymes. Phytochrome signal transduction into the cell nucleus is carried out by redistribution of free calcium cations between cell compartments, which leads to the activation of calmodulins. Interacting with Ca2+-cam-dependent kinase, calmodulins provide control over the functioning of the transcription factor PIF3, which regulates the expression of genes for isoenzymes of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, aconitate hydratase, malate dehydrogenase, fumarate hydratase, and citrate synthase in green leaves of plants, thus controlling the rate of functioning of the TCA. The high methyl status of the promoters of the genes encoding these enzymes leads to the suppression of their transcription, which suggests an epigenetic mechanism for light regulation of their expression. Changes in the methyl status of individual CG dinucleotides in the CpG islands of gene promoters regulate their functioning in plant leaves under different lighting conditions.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 20-04-00296.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia

    D. N. Fedorin & A. T. Eprintsev

  2. Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada

    A. U. Igamberdiev

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  2. A. T. Eprintsev
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Abbreviations: AH—aconitate hydratase; FH—fumarate hydratase; CS—citrate synthase; MDH—malate dehydrogenase; SDH—succinate dehydrogenase; ETC—electron transport chain; 2OGDH—2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase.

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Fedorin, D.N., Eprintsev, A.T. & Igamberdiev, A.U. Light Regulation of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Isoenzymes in Plants. Russ J Plant Physiol 69, 110 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443722060048

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