Abstract
It is shown that \({{\log}_{2}}(n!) + o(n)\) pairwise comparisons is sufficient for sorting any subset of \(n\) elements of a linearly ordered set.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
In [7], the strongest form of the result is represented graphically.
The Hasse diagram—the edges connect the pairs of elements the order of which is known (for details see, e.g., [2]).
Since the strategy works with noninteger interval lengths, by an element in this paragraph we mean a conditional point of the interval partition.
By the specific complexity of inserting an individual element, we mean the specific complexity of the insertion that goes to this element when the pair is inserted.
Here and below, an element usually means a partition point of an interval.
The symbol \( \asymp \) denotes the equality of the growth orders.
REFERENCES
A. V. Aho, J. E. Hopkroft, and J. D. Ullman, Data Structures and Algorithms (Addison–Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1983).
D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming, Vol. 3: Sorting and Searching (Addison–Wesley, Reading, Mass., 1968).
K. Mehlhorn, Data Structures and Algorithms, Vol. 1: Sorting and Searching (Springer, Berlin, 1984).
L. R. Ford and S. M. Johnson, “A tournament problem,” Am. Math. Monthly 66, 387–389 (1959).
M. Peczarski, “The Ford–Johnson algorithm still unbeaten for less than 47 elements,” Inf. Process. Lett. 101 (3), 126–128 (2007).
J. Schulte Mönting, “Merging of 4 or 5 elements with \(n\) elements,” Theor. Comput. Sci. 14, 19–37 (1981).
G. K. Manacher, T. D. Bui, and T. Mai, “Optimum combinations of sorting and merging,” J. ACM 36, 290–334 (1989).
K. Iwama and J. Teruyama, “Improved average complexity for comparison-based sorting,” Theor. Comput. Sci. 807, 201–219 (2020).
S. Edelkamp, A. Weiß, and S. Wild, “QuickXsort: A fast sorting scheme in theory and practice,” Algorithmica 82, 509–588 (2020). arXiv:1811.01259
R. L. Graham, “On sorting by comparisons,” in Computers in Number Theory (Academic, London, 1971), pp. 263–269.
F. K. Hwang and S. Lin, “Optimal merging of 2 elements with \(n\) elements,” Acta Inf. 1, 145–158 (1971).
A. Schönhage, M. Paterson, and N. Pippenger, “Finding the median” J. Comp. Sys. Sci. 13, 184–199 (1976).
D. Dor and U. Zwick, “Selecting the median,” SIAM J. Comput. 28, 1722–1758 (1999).
C. Christen, “Improving the bounds for optimal merging,” Proc. of the 19th IEEE Conf. on Found. of Computer Sci., Ann Arbor, USA, 1978 (IEEE, New York, 1978), pp. 259–266.
Funding
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-01-00294а.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by A. Klimontovich
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sergeev, I.S. On the Upper Bound of the Complexity of Sorting. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys. 61, 329–346 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965542521020111
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965542521020111