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Experimental and Numerical Studies into the Cavitation Impact of the Hydrofoil Surface with Different Treatments

  • RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND HYDROPOWER
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Abstract

The experimental and numerical investigation of unsteady cavitating flow around a NACA2412 hydrofoil with chemically treated surfaces is described. The study was focused on the influence of the surface wettability on the intensity of cavitation processes. Two steel hydrofoils whose surface is treated using different methods are compared with a hydrofoil having a nontreated surface. The first of the treated hydrofoils has a 50–70-µm thick wear-resistant hydrophobic coating of tungsten carbide applied by ion-plasma deposition in a vacuum chamber. The second hydrofoil has a coating of a surfactant, octodecyamine, applied by deposition while keeping the hydrofoil in an aqueous solution. The hydrofoil with the span/chord ratio of 1.25 was tested in the cavitation tunnel. The incidence angle of the hydrofoil to the incoming flow was 8°. Numerical results were obtained using the ANSYS CFX software package with the Zwart cavitation model and the SAS-SST turbulence model. The monitored pressure fluctuations and the level of noise generated by cavitation-induced unsteady processes are estimated. It is demonstrated that additional surface treatment can help prevent unwanted phenomena in the flow path caused by cavitation. This technique does not require expensive modernization of the flow path in hydraulic machines. Numerical simulations and experiments carried out by the authors suggest that surface treatment can considerably affect the cavitation processes, and the results of studies demonstrate the need for further in-depth investigation of cavitation processes in hydraulic machines, including with the use of modern application software tools.

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Notes

  1. The first natural frequency is the oscillation frequency of a conservative system, which is determined only by the system’s own characteristics (in this case, the blade profile and the parameters of the test section when interacting with the flow.

  2. The dominant oscillation frequency is the frequency at which the frequency composition of the oscillation waves coincides with the amplitude-frequency characteristic of the acoustic layer.

  3. Test of the surfactant-coated hydrofoil without exposure to water; two tests after prolonged exposure to water for several weeks: the second and third experiments.

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Funding

This work was supported by Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sport of the Czech Republic [grant no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/17_049/0008408 of the Hydrodynamic Design of Pumps project]. The presented results were also obtained with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under assignment no. FSWF-2020-0021 “Development of Scientific and Engineering Fundamentals for Enhancement of Condensation Heat Transfer and Improvement of Thermohydrodynamic Characteristics and Wear Resistance of Power Equipment Based on the Modification of Functional Surfaces.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hydraulic Research Center Sigma, 783 49, Lutin, Czech Republic

    M. Sedlář, M. Komárek & J. Šoukal

  2. National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (NRU MPEI), 111250, Moscow, Russia

    A. V. Volkov, A. V. Ryzhenkov, A. A. Druzhinin, S. V. Grigoriev, G. V. Kachalin & O. V. Kalakutskaya

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  1. M. Sedlář
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  2. M. Komárek
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  3. J. Šoukal
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  4. A. V. Volkov
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  5. A. V. Ryzhenkov
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  6. A. A. Druzhinin
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  7. S. V. Grigoriev
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  8. G. V. Kachalin
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  9. O. V. Kalakutskaya
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Correspondence to M. Sedlář or A. V. Volkov.

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Translated by T. Krasnoshchekova

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Sedlář, M., Komárek, M., Šoukal, J. et al. Experimental and Numerical Studies into the Cavitation Impact of the Hydrofoil Surface with Different Treatments. Therm. Eng. 69, 418–428 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601522060064

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