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Redescription of the Сommon but Poorly Known Piranha Dulce Serrasalmus hollandi (Serrasalmidae) from the Upper Madeira River

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Abstract

The piranha Serrasalmus hollandi was described in 1915 by Eigenmann based on a single specimen from the upper Madeira River basin in the southwestern Amazon and the holotype was later lost. Because morphological variation is absent from the description, species identification is somewhat difficult. Misidentification with S. eigenmanni, another poorly known but morphologically similar species, may have been common in ichthyological inventories. This last species was described in 1929 by Norman, based on a single specimen collected from the Essequibo River, which drains the Guyana Shield, northeast of the Amazon Basin. The present study redescribes S. hollandi, a species commonly known in the Iténez basin of Bolivia as piraña dulce, based on morphological and genetic (mtDNA-COI) information. A neotype was designated from the Paraguá River, a tributary of the Itenéz River which is close to the type locality. A diagnosis to differentiate among S. hollandi and species reported in the Bolivian Amazon and La Plata basins, and S. eigenmanni is presented.

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ACKNOWLEGMENTS

To Antonio Machado-Allison and OPEFE site (https://www.opefe.com), for the courtesy of sharing the photograph of S. hollandi holotype. To two anonymous reviewers for their comments to improve the manuscript; one of them provided photographs of S. eigenmanni from Guyana. To Freshwater and Marine Image Bank for the scan of the original drawing of the description of S. hollandi. To Kathia Rivero (Natural History Museum Noel Kempff Mercado–University Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno) for access to material and lab facilities in 2022. To Robert Hanner, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph (Canada), for his kind collaboration to host the last author in 2013 and obtain COI sequences for the Barcoding Bolivian Fishes project. To Tiffanie Rainville and José Luis Gutierrez for their collaboration in revising the English content. To Joachim Carolsfeld, Alison Macnaughton and Tiffanie Rainville (World Fisheries Trust–Victoria, Canada), and Paul Van Damme (Faunagua–Cochabamba, Bolivia), for their interest and support to obtain fish samples, and sequences of Bolivian fishes in Canada.

Funding

This work was partially supported by the PPV1 (Peces Para la Vida) and PPV2 (Fish for Life) projects, funded by IDRC (Ottawa) with the financial support of Global Affairs Canada.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Limnology and Aquatic Resources Unit (ULRA), University Mayor de San Simón (UMSS), Cochabamba, Plurinational State of Bolivia

    F. Gallo-Cardozo, M. Careaga & F. M. Carvajal-Vallejos

  2. Alcide d’Orbigny Natural History Museum, Cochabamba, Plurinational State of Bolivia

    M. Careaga

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  1. F. Gallo-Cardozo
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  2. M. Careaga
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  3. F. M. Carvajal-Vallejos
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Correspondence to F. Gallo-Cardozo.

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ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

Animal-related experiments were not conducted in this work. Examine the material of the collection were approved by the Limnology and Aquatic Resources Unit (ULRA), University Mayor de San Simón (UMSS), Cochabamba, Plurinational State of Bolivia (March 11, 2020).

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Gallo-Cardozo, F., Careaga, M. & Carvajal-Vallejos, F.M. Redescription of the Сommon but Poorly Known Piranha Dulce Serrasalmus hollandi (Serrasalmidae) from the Upper Madeira River. J. Ichthyol. 63, 1005–1024 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945223060048

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