Abstract—
Bottom trawl survey conducted in the Sea of Okhotsk waters around Kamchatka during the summer-fall period in 1999–2019 demonstrated that the whitespotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri is a common component of the benthic ichthyofauna. The densest aggregations have been reported from northern part of the West Kamchatka Shelf, which is determined by specific hydrological regime in this area. The spawning peak falls on August, when the species is observed in considerable quantities at the depths < 20 m, considering the dynamics of catches, frequency of occurrence, and bathymetric distribution of the greenling in June–October. In fall, the fish young transitions to the near-bottom layers and concentrates within the 31–40 m range of depths. In the study area, H. stelleri is represented in catches by the individuals 7–37 cm in length with weights of 10–680 g. When compared with the Sea of Okhotsk waters, findings of the length–weight relationship analysis at the western coast of Kamchatka suggest different patterns of growth rate in the whitespotted greenling within the confines of the Sea of Okhotsk.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Aksyutina, Z.M., Elementy matematicheskoi otsenki rezul’tatov nablyudenii v biologicheskikh i rybokhozyaistvennykh issledovaniyakh (Elements of Mathematical Assessment of the Observation Results in Biological and Fishery Studies), Moscow: Pishchevaya Prom-st’, 1968.
Allen, M.J. and Smith, G.B., Atlas and Zoogeography of Common Fishes in the Bering Sea and Northeastern Pacific, NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS, no. 66, Seattle, WA: US Dep. of Commer., Natl. Ocean. Atmos. Admin., Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., 1988.
Antonenko, D.V., First occurrence of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) in Russian waters of the Chukchee Sea, J. Ichthyol., 2010, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 201–204.
Antonenko, D.V. and Gnyubkina, V.P., Specific early ontogenesis of the masked Hexagrammos octogrammus and white-spotted H. stelleri greenlings from the Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan), Vopr. Ikhtiol., 2001, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 799–803.
Antonenko, D.V. and Pushchina, O.I., Basic biological features of greenlings of genus Hexagrammos from the Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan), Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2002, vol. 131, pp. 164–178.
Antonenko, D.V. and Vdovin, A.N., Seasonal distribution of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) from the Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan), Vopr. Ikhtiol., 2001, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 490–494.
Borets, L.A., Donnye ikhtiotseny rossiiskogo shel’fa dal’nevostochnykh morei: sostav, struktura, elementy funktsionirovaniya i promyslovoe znachenie (Bottom Ichthyocenes of the Russian Shelf of Far Eastern Seas: Composition, Structure, Functional Elements and Fishery), Vladivostok: TINRO Tsentr, 1997.
Chereshnev, I.A., Volobuev, V.V., Khovanskii, I.E., and Shestakov, A.V., Pribrezhnye ryby severnoi chasti Okhotskogo morya (Coastal Fishes of the Northern Part of the Sea of Okhotsk), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2001.
Chetvergov, A.V., Stock volume of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri on the West Kamchatka shelf, Materialy II Oblastnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii “Problemy okhrany i ratsional’nogo ispol’zovaniya bioresursov Kamchatki,” Tezisy dokladov (Proc. II Regional Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Protection and Rational Use of Biological Resources of Kamchatka,” Abstracts of Papers), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy, 2000, pp. 109–110.
DeMartini, E.E., Reproductive colorations, paternal behavior and egg masses of kelp greenling, Hexagrammos decagrammus, and whitespotted greenling, H. stelleri, Northwest Sci., 1986, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 32–35.
Gorbunova, N.N., Reproduction and development of fishes of the family Hexagrammidae, Tr. Inst. Okeanol. im. P.P. Shirshova, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1962, vol. 59, pp. 118–182.
Il’inskii, E.N., Dynamics of composition and structure of the bentic ichthyocene of the West Kamchatka shelf, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2007, vol. 150, pp. 48–55.
Lapko, V.V., Analysis of nekton in the epipelagic zone of the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2002, vol. 130, pp. 929–939.
Lindberg, G.U. and Krasyukova, Z.V., Ryby Yaponskogo morya i sopredel’nykh chastei Okhotskogo i Zheltogo morei (Fishes of the Sea of Japan and Adjacent Parts of the Okhotsk and Yellow Seas), Leningrad: Nauka, 1987, part 5.
Love, M.S., Elder, N., Mecklenburg, C.W., et al., Alaska Arctic marine fish species accounts, in Alaska Arctic Marine Fish Ecology Catalog, US Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5038 (OCS Study, BOEM 2016-048), Thorsteinson, L.K. and Love, M.S., Eds., Reston: US Geol. Survey, 2016, pp. 41–616. https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165038
Mecklenburg, C.W., Mecklenburg, T.A., and Thorsteinson, L.K., Fishes of Alaska, Bethesda, MD: Am. Fish. Soc., 2002.
Miller, D.J. and Lea, R.N., Guide to the coastal marine fishes of California, Calif. Fish Bull., 1972, no. 157.
Napazakov, V.V., The diet of white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) on the West Kamchatka shelf, J. Ichthyol., 2010, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 100–104.
Napazakov, V.V., Trophic status and trophic interactions of common predatory fish species of the West Kamchatka shelf, J. Ichthyol., 2015, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 86–96. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945215010130
Panchenko, V.V., Kalchugin, P.V., and Solomatov, S.F., Specification of the habitation depths and maximum sizes for the demersal fish species in the Russian territorial waters of the Sea of Japan, J. Ichthyol., 2016, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 348–367. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945216030127
Patten, B.G., Short-term thermal resistance of hexagrammid eggs and planktonic larvae from Puget Sound, Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 1980, vol. 109, pp. 427–432.
Rutenberg, E.P., Review of fishes of family Hexagrammidae, Tr. Inst. Okeanol. im. P.P. Shirshova, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1962, vol. 59, pp. 3–100.
Savin, A.B., Bottom and near-bottom fishes of the upper continental slope of the eastern Sea of Okhotsk, J. Ichthyol., 2012, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 449–462.
Shestakov, A.V., Biology of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) from the Taui Bay of the Sea of Okhotsk, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchat. Sev.-Zap. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2019, no. 53, pp. 67–73. https://doi.org/10.15853/2072-8212.2019.53.67-73
Shestakov, A.V. and Nazarkin, M.V., On the biology of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri and the masked greenling H. octogrammus (Hexagrammidae) from Taui Bay of the sea of Okhotsk. J. Ichthyol., 2006, vol. 46, no. 8, pp. 677–680.
Tokranov, A.M., Potential objects of coastal fishing in the Kamchatka basin of the Sea of Okhotsk and use of their resources, Vestn. Kamchat. Gos. Tekh. Univ., 2018, no. 44, pp. 109–113. https://doi.org/10.17217/2079-0333-2018-44-109-113
Tokranov, A.M. and Safronov, S.G., Ichthyoneuston of the Kamchatka basin of the Sea of Okhotsk, Tr. Kamchat. Fil., Tikhookean. Inst. Geogr., Dla’nevost. Otd., Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2004, no. 5, pp. 273–285.
Yusupov, R.R. and Yusupov, Rus.R., Embryonic and early larval development of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae, Scorpaeniformes) from the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk, Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2019, vol. 199, pp. 141–151. https://doi.org/10.26428/1606-9919-2019-199-141-151
Yusupov, R.R., Basov, I.D., and Ryabchenko, E.N., Biology and reserves of the white-spotted greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) in the coastal area of Magadan oblast (northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk), Izv. Tikhookean. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Rybn. Khoz. Okeanogr., 2006, vol. 146, pp. 150–157.
Vdovin, A.N. and Antonenko, D.V., Reserves of the white-spotted greenling (Hexagrammos stelleri) from the Peter the Great Bay, Vopr. Ikhtiol., 2001, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 56–61.
Zolotov, O.G., Review of biology of the greenlings of genus Hexagrammos from Kamchatka and adjacent waters, Issled. Vodn. Biol. Resur. Kamchat. Sev.-Zap. Chasti Tikhogo Okeana, 2012, no. 24, pp. 30–67.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest. The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest.
Statement on the welfare of animals. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.
Additional information
Translated by E. Kuznetsova
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kurbanov, Y.K. Characteristics of Distribution and Ecology of the Whitespotted Greenling Hexagrammos stelleri (Hexagrammidae) in the Sea of Okhotsk Waters around Kamchatka. J. Ichthyol. 62, 228–235 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945222020114
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945222020114