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Sympatric Diversification of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma (Salmonidae) in an Extremely Small Ecosystem

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Abstract—

A planktivorous form of Salvelinus malma characterized by lacustrine winter spawning was discovered for the first time in north-east Asia in an isolated water system with an area of 0.23 km2. This form dwells in sympatry with the benthivorous form of the same species, which reproduces in autumn in the lake tributary. Given the size of the ecosystem, а single isolation event, and the absence of other fish species, this example of ecological diversification can be recognized as the simplest known in the world. The data on the growth rate, morphology, and feeding of two sympatric forms are presented.

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Notes

  1. According to the analysis of 11 microsatellite loci in 63 fish, the morphs were found to be genetically independent, Fst = 0.105, p < 0.001

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to T.V. Bonk (Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia) for the help in processing and analyzing zooplankton samples.

Funding

The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, project no. 18-74-10085.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Severtsov Institute of Problems of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    E. V. Esin, N. O. Mel’nik & F. N. Shkil’

  2. Kronotsky State Nature Reserve, Yelizovo, Kamchatka krai, Russia

    E. V. Esin & G. N. Markevich

  3. Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    D. V. Zlenko

Authors
  1. E. V. Esin
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  2. N. O. Mel’nik
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  3. D. V. Zlenko
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  4. F. N. Shkil’
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  5. G. N. Markevich
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Correspondence to E. V. Esin.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Statement on the welfare of animals. This article does not contain any studies involving animals performed by any of the authors.

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Translated by D. Martynova

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Esin, E.V., Mel’nik, N.O., Zlenko, D.V. et al. Sympatric Diversification of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma (Salmonidae) in an Extremely Small Ecosystem. J. Ichthyol. 59, 958–961 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003294521906002X

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S003294521906002X

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