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Fish Species Diversity, Distribution, and Dispersal in the Rivers of the Penzhina Bay Catchment Area

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Abstract—

New expedition data, analysis of unpublished archives, and questionnaire information made it possible to clarify the ichthyofauna species diversity and to assess the distribution of freshwater, anadromous, and semianadromous fishes in the largest and some small rivers of the Penzhina Bay basin. The results indicate that the lower reaches of the rivers are inhabited by 11 anadromous species and ten freshwater species, including five whitefish species. The most diverse freshwater fish complex is revealed off the northern coast of the Sea of Okhotsk. Freshwater fauna exchange under modern conditions is possible through the sources of the largest river systems during the most severe spring floods (both within the Penzhina Bay basin and in adjacent basins of the East Siberian and Bering seas). In the apex of Penzhina Bay, the modern sea-coast regional dispersal takes place only between the rivers with joint mouths. This path is provided by extremely strong tidal currents and considerable freshening of coastal areas during the floods.

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Notes

  1. During the period of surveys, only two specimens of broad whitefish were recorded in catches: a young specimen (caught by gill nets in one of the shallow channels at a 52-km distance in the Penzhina River on August 7, 2015) and underyearling (caught by minnow seine in the lower course of the Ektveem River, a right tributary of the Talovka River on August 12, 2015). In the modern period, extremely low abundance of broad whitefish is due to a specific character of its commercial use in the previous years. The analysis of unpublished archival materials of Kamchatrybvod and KamchatNIRO has demonstrated that, in the 1970s–1980s, broad whitefish was widespread in the basins of the Penzhina and Talovka rivers and was one of the most numerous fish species (Koval et al., 2015a, 2015b).

  2. In summer 2015, two specimens of young sardine cisco were found in seine catches in coastal waters in the southern part of the bay not far from Cape Krainy and in the mouth of the Shestaya River (at a distance of 25 km from the mouth cross-section of the Penzhina and Talovka rivers).

  3. First of all, representatives of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North that pasture deer herds within the basins of these rivers and are incidentally involved in community-supported fishery.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kamchatka Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, 683000, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia

    M. V. Koval & R. S. Galyamov

  2. Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), 107140, Moscow, Russia

    E. V. Esin & S. L. Gorin

  3. Belarusian Geographic Society, 220050, Minsk, Belarus

    V. E. Koshel

Authors
  1. M. V. Koval
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  2. E. V. Esin
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  3. S. L. Gorin
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  4. R. S. Galyamov
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  5. V. E. Koshel
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Correspondence to M. V. Koval.

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Translated by N. Ruban

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Koval, M.V., Esin, E.V., Gorin, S.L. et al. Fish Species Diversity, Distribution, and Dispersal in the Rivers of the Penzhina Bay Catchment Area. J. Ichthyol. 58, 795–807 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945218050119

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