Abstract
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been used to study the electronic structure of InSe and CuIn5Se8 single crystals and determine the general patterns of its transformation after the introduction of copper. The main dispersion curves of valence bands in the studied multicomponent systems and the effective masses of majority carriers in CuIn5Se8 have been obtained. Joint theoretical and experimental research has allowed us to apply ARPES not only to single isolated states, but also to complex crystals with a large number of atoms in the unit cell (and, consequently, a large number of dispersion bands). It has been demonstrated that the neighborhoods of maxima and minima of dispersion curves E(k), which essentially define the set of experimental ARPES spectra, make the dominant contribution to the observed signal intensity.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. A. Green, K. Emery, Y. Hishikawa, W. Warta, and E. D. Dunlop, “Solar cell efficiency tables,” Prog. Photovoltaics 24, 3–11 (2016).
P. Jackson, R. Wuerz, D. Hariskos, E. Lotter, W. Witte, and M. Powalla, “Effects of heavy alkali elements in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with efficiencies up to 22.6%,” Phys. Status Solidi 10, 583–586 (2016).
S. B. Zhang, S.-H. Wei, A. Zunger, and H. Katayama-Yosida, “Defect physics of the CuInSe2 chalcopyrite semiconductor,” Phys. Rev. B. 57, 9642–9656 (1998).
S.-H. Han, C. Persson, S. Hasoon Falah, H. A. Al-Thani, A. M. Hermann, and D. H. Levi, “Optical properties and electronic structures of (4CuInSe2)y(CuIn5Se8)1 - y,” Phys. Rev. B. 74, 085212 (2006).
Ariswan, G. El haj Moussa, M. Abdelali, F. Guastavino, and C. Llinares, “Structural, optical and electrical properties of the ordered vacancy compound CuIn3Se5 thin films fabricated by flash evaporation,” Solid State Commun. 124, 391–396 (2002).
C. Rincon, S. M. Wasim, G. Marin, and I. Molina, “Temperature dependence of the optical energy band gap in CuIn3Se5 and CuGa3Se5,” J. Appl. Phys. 93, 780–782 (2003).
M. León, J. M. Merino, and E. Arushanov, “Comparative study of structural and optical parameters of CuInSe2 and various CuInxSey compounds,” Moldav. J. Phys. Sci. 5, 373–376 (2006).
T. Maeda, W. Gong, and T. Wada, “Crystallographic and optical properties and band structures of CuInSe2, CuIn3Se5, andCuIn5Se8 phases in Cu-poor Cu2Se–In2Se3 pseudo-binary system,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 55, 04ES15 (2016).
S. Siebentritt, M. Igalson, C. Persson, and S. Lany, “The electronic structure of chalcopyrites—bands, point defects and grain boundaries,” Prog. Photovoltaics 18, 390–410 (2010).
A. Hofmann and C. Pettenkofer, “The CuInSe2–CuIn3Se5 defect compound interface: Electronic structure and band alignment,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 062108 (2012).
M. V. Kuznetsov, E. V. Shalaeva, M. V. Yakushev, and R. D. Tomlinson, “Evolution of CuInSe2 (112) surface due to annealing: XPS Study,” Surf. Sci. 530, L297–L301 (2003).
T. V. Kuznetsova, V. I. Grebennikov, H. Zhao, C. Derks, C. Taubitz, M. Neumann, C. Persson, M. V. Kuznetsov, I. V. Bodnar, R. W. Martin, and M. V. Yakushev, “A photoelectron spectroscopy study of the electronic structure evolution in CuInSe2-related compounds at changing copper content,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 111607 (2012).
A. V. Korotun, A. V. Babich, and Ya. V. Karandas, “On the influence of the effective mass of electrons on the Fermi energy of metal–insulator nanosandwiches,” Phys. Met. Metallogr. 117, 442–445 (2016).
S. Hüfner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications in Solid-State Sciences, Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences, V. 82 (Springer, Berlin, 1995).
I. V. Bodnar, I. T. Bodnar, V. F. Gremenok, A. M. Kovalchuk, and M. Leon, “Growth and properties of single crystals of the ternary CuIn5Se8 compound,” J. Cryst. Growth 293, 324–329 (2006).
I. V. Bodnar, A. A. Vaypolin, V. Yu. Rud, and E. I. Terukov, “Fabrication and photoelectric properties of oxide/CuIn5Se8 heterojunctions,” Semiconductors 41, 155–158 (2007).
I. V. Bodnar’, A. A. Vaipolin, V. Yu. Rud’, and Yu. V. Rud’, “Crystal structure of CuIn3Se5 and CuIn5Se8 ternary compounds,” Tech. Phys. Lett. 32, 1003 (2006).
H. Jin, J. Li, L. Wan, Y. Dai, Y. Wei, and H. Guo, “Ohmic contact in monolayer InSe–metal interface,” 2D Mater. 4, 025116 (2017).
A. Politano, D. Campi, M. Cattelan, I. Ben Amara, S. Jaziri, A. Mazzotti, A. Barinov, B. Gürbulak, S. Duman, S. Agnoli, L. S. Caputi, G. Granozzi, and A. Cupolillo, “Indium selenide: An insight into electronic band structure and surface excitations,” Sci. Rep. 7, 3445 (2017).
G. W. Mudd, M. R. Molas, X. Chen, V. Zólyomi, K. Nogajewski, Z. R. Kudrynskyi, Z. D. Kovalyuk, G. Yusa, O. Makarovsky, L. Eaves, M. Potemski, V. I. Fal’ko, and A. Patanè, “The direct-to-indirect band gap crossover in two-dimensional van der Waals indium selenide crystals,” Sci. Rep. 6, 39619 (2016).
V. I. Grebennikov, T. V. Kuznetsova, and M. V. Yakushev, “Resonant photoemission spectroscopy of Cu(InGa)Se2 materials for solar cells,” Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci.: Phys. 77, 1123–1126 (2013).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © T.V. Kuznetsova, V.I. Grebennikov, D. Lupiszanski, I.V. Bodnar’, D. Vyalikh, F. Reinert, M.V. Yakushev, 2018, published in Fizika Metallov i Metallovedenie, 2018, Vol. 119, No. 5, pp. 453–458.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kuznetsova, T.V., Grebennikov, V.I., Lupiszanski, D. et al. The Effect of Copper on the Electronic Structure and Effective Masses of CuIn5Se8 Single Crystals Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 119, 430–435 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X18050083
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X18050083