Abstract
We have presented a review of the results of investigating the effect of the cooling conditions and heat treatment on the amount of retained austenite and mechanical properties of commercial steels. Possible methods of obtaining enhanced amount of retained austenite due to the stabilization effect, bainitic transformation, and quenching from the intercritical temperature range have been discussed and analyzed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. D. Sadovskii and E. A. Fokina, Retained Austenite in Quenched Steel (Nauka, Moscow, 1986) [in Russian].
S. A. Golovanenko and N. M. Fonshtein, Two-Phase Low-Alloy Steels (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1984) [in Russian].
V. D. Sadovskii and N. P. Chuprakova, “Effect of heat treatment on the amount of retained austenite and its decomposition upon tempering in structural chromium-nickel steels,” Trudy Ural. Filial Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 10, 139–151 (1941).
V. D. Sadovskii, Transformations of overcooled austenite: Atlas of Diagrams (Metallurgizdat, Moscow, 1947) [in Russian].
L. E. Popova and A. A. Popov, “Diagrams of transformations of austenite in steels and of β-solution in titanium alloys,” in A Handbook of Heat-Treater (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1991) [in Russian].
V. M. Schastlivtsev, Yu. V. Kaletina, and E. A. Fokina, Martensitic Transformation in Magnetic Field (Ural. Otd. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ekaterinburg, 2007) [in Russian].
V. D. Sadovskii, “Structure transformations upon quenching and tempering of structural steels,” Trudy Inst. Metallofiz. Metall. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 3 (1945).
V. M. Schastlivtsev, V. D. Sadovskii, O. P. Morozov, and I. L. Yakovleva, “On the existence of low-temperature pearlite in hypereutectoid steels,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 51, 991–1001 (1981).
R. I. Entin, Transformations of Austenite in Steel (Metallurgizdat, Moscow, 1960) [in Russian].
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, Bainite in Steels (The Institute of Materials, London, 1992).
V. M. Schastlivtsev, D. A. Mirzaev, and I. L. Yakovleva, Structure of Heat-Treated Steel (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1994) [in Russian].
D. A. Mirzaev, M. M. Shteinberg, T. N. Ponomareva, and V. M. Schastlivtsev, “Effect of the rate of cooling on the positions of martensitic points. Carbon steels,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 47, 125–135 (1979).
L. M. Pevzner, T. D. Kubyshkina, G. M. Rovenskii, and A. I. Samoilov, “On the intermediate transformation of austenite,” Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Met., No. 10, 2–20 (1956).
A. Yu. Kaletin and V. M. Schastlivtsev, “Effect of retained austenite on the properties of steel after isothermal annealing”, in Proc. Semin. “Problems of Metal Failure” (Znanie RSFSR, Moscow, 1980), pp. 139–143.
L. I. Kogan and P. I. Entin, “Transformation of austenite in the middle region”, in Problems of Metallurgy and Physics of Metals (Metallurgizdat, Moscow, 1958), No. 5, pp. 161–209.
G. V. Kurdjumov, L. M. Utevskii, and R. I. Entin, Transformations in Iron and Steel (Nauka, Moscow, 1977) [in Russian].
A. Yu. Kaletin, V. M. Schastlivtsev, N. T. Kareva, and M. A. Smirnov, “Embrittlement of structural steel with a bainite structure upon tempering”, Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 56, 366–371 (1983).
A. Yu. Kaletin, Effect of retained austenite on the structure and properties of structural steels after high-temperature tempering, Candidate Sci. (Eng.) Dissertation, Sverdlovsk, 1985.
Yu. M. Kaletin, A. G. Ryzhkov, and A. Yu. Kaletin, “Effect of silicon and aluminum on the properties of structural chromium-nickel-molybdenum steels with a bainite structure”, Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall., No. 6, 96–99 (1989).
V. M. Schastlivtsev, Yu. V. Kaletina, M. A. Smirnov, and A. Yu. Kaletin, “Structure and properties of structural steels after thermomechanical treatment in the range of bainite temperatures”, Deform. Razrush. Mater., No. 4, 1–9 (2011).
V. D. Sadovskii, L. I. Bershtein, A. A. Mel’nikova, A. M. Polyakova, and V. M. Schastlivtsev, “”Structural heredity” of cast steel of 30KhGNM type,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 50, 1037–1044 (1980).
V. M. Schastlivtsev, V. D. Sadovskii, L. I. Bershtein, A. A. Mel’nikova, I. L. Barmina, and I. L. Yakovleva, “Special case of structural heredity in cast steel of 30GKhNM type,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 51, 574–582 (1981).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.M. Schastlivtsev, Yu.V. Kaletina, E.A. Fokina, A.Yu. Kaletin, 2014, published in Fizika Metallov i Metallovedenie, 2014, Vol. 115, No. 10, pp. 1052–1063.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schastlivtsev, V.M., Kaletina, Y.V., Fokina, E.A. et al. Effect of cooling rate on the amount of retained austenite upon bainitic transformations. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 115, 990–1000 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X14100147
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X14100147