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Radiolarians, Conodonts, and Palynomorphs from the Sakmarian–Artinskian Boundary Beds (Lower Permian) in the Dal’ny Tulkas Section, South Urals, Russia

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Abstract

The Dal’ny Tulkas section is located in the South Urals in the vicinity of the village of Krasnousolsky and is described in two complementary outcrops: in the main section and in the trench section. This study presents results of a comprehensive study of conodonts and radiolarians from the Sakmarian–Artinskian boundary beds. The base of the Artinskian is defined in the main section by the first occurrence datum of the conodont Sweetognathus asymmetricus in the phylogenetic lineage Sw. expansus → Sw. aff. merrilli → Sw. binodosus → Sw. anceps → Sw. asymmetricus → Sw. clarki. The Sakmarian–Artinskian boundary beds of the trench section yielded numerous well-preserved radiolarians, represented by 32 species. At the level of the Sakmarian–Artinskian boundary, the taxonomic composition of the radiolarian assemblages was changed: (1) the total number of identified species of radiolarians has decreased; (2) the absolute and relative number of representatives of the class Sphaerellaria decreased; (3) the importance of representatives of the class Stauraxonaria. In the Artinskian, the proportion of the class Spumellaria in the assemblages increased, and the bilaterally symmetrical species Pseudoalbaillella scalprata from the order Albaillellaria (class Aculearia) appeared. Changes in the taxonomic composition of radiolarians make it possible to establish two successive ecozones: Upper Sakmarian Tetragregnon vimineum and Lower Artinskian Pseudoalbaillella scalprata. The characteristics of ecozones reflect the quantitative ratio of taxa of higher rank (classes). The palynomorphs in the trench section are represented by a single palynoassemblage characterizing the Sakmarian and Artinskian stages. This palynoassemblage is characterized by the quantitative predominance of pollen over spores and by the dominance of acritarchs.

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Notes

  1. The IUGS Executive Committee has voted overwhelmingly to ratify the GSSP proposal for the base of the Artinskian Stage of the Cisuralian Series and Permian System on 2 February 2022.

  2. Of 32 species of radiolarians from the Dal’ny Tyulkas trench section, so far ten new species have been identified for the first time. The undescribed species are cited in open nomenclature, but with letter designations. They will be described in separate works.

  3. Here and below, when analyzing the published data, only the illustrated species of radiolarians were considered, while the checklists of unfigured taxa were not taken into account.

  4. Here and below, when analyzing the published data, only the illustrated species of radiolarians were considered, and the checklists of taxa were not taken into account.

  5. The species are recorded in open nomenclature, but with numerical designations, and will be systematically described as new species in separate works.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors express their deep appreciation and gratitude to A.S. Alekseev and V.S. Vishnevskaya for valuable advice and constructive comments; the late M.V. Oshurkova for palynological studies; the late L.I. Linkina for conducting spore-pollen analysis; B.M. Galiullin for photographing radiolarians with a scanning electron microscope; A.F. Bannikov, Ya.M. Kuzmina, and M.A. Knorre for help in preparing the manuscript for publication, and to S.V. Nikolaeva for valuable advice and translating this paper into English.

Funding

The work was carried out within the framework of the budget program (government task) of the Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences and Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. This paper has been supported by the Kazan Federal University Strategic Academic Leadership Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117647, Moscow, Russia

    M. S. Afanasieva

  2. Zavaritsky Institute of Geology and Geochemistry, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620016, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    V. V. Chernykh

  3. Kazan Federal University, 420008, Kazan, Russia

    G. M. Sungatullina & R. Kh. Sungatullin

  4. Karpinsky Russian Research Geological Institute, 199106, St. Petersburg, Russia

    D. V. Zbukova

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Afanasieva, M.S., Chernykh, V.V., Sungatullina, G.M. et al. Radiolarians, Conodonts, and Palynomorphs from the Sakmarian–Artinskian Boundary Beds (Lower Permian) in the Dal’ny Tulkas Section, South Urals, Russia. Paleontol. J. 56, 975–1025 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122090027

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