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Microbiological Characteristics of Three Stratified Lakes in the Nizhny Novgorod Region

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Abstract—

Three karst lakes were investigated in the Nizhny Novgorod region: Staropustynskie lakes Svyato and Nekrasov Bay and Lake Svetloyar. The studied lakes belonged to the mesotrophic-eutrophic polyhumous type and were characterized by stable stratification with signs of meromixis. Their water columns were divided into aerobic and anaerobic zones, with the bottom water containing sulfide. Fe(II) compounds were also present in the Staropustynskie lakes. In the Lake Nekrasov Bay, the mixolimnion showed a high rate of oxygenic photosynthesis, up to 1.2 µg С L–1 day–1, as well as a maximum of anoxygenic photosynthesis in the chemocline (0.030–0.706 µg С L–1 day–1) at a depth of 1.5−2.5 m. The peak of dark CO2 assimilation (0.146 µg С L–1 day–1) occurred at a depth of 1.5 m in the oxycline zone. Anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (APB) were found in the Lakes Nekrasov Bay and Svyato at the boundary of light penetration. Green sulfur bacteria with short cell prosthecate outgrowths, “Ancalochloris sp.,” predominated. Consortia “Chlorochromatium aggregatum” and filamentous chlorobacteria “Chloronema giganteum” were also found, their cell sheaths accumulated ferric iron salts. In the Staropustynskie lakes, various morphotypes of iron bacteria formed clusters in the microaerobic zone. In Lake Svetloyar the chemocline was located at a depth of 16 m, outside the photic zone, and the conditions were unfavorable for APB growth. In the studied lakes, heterotrophic aerobic bacteria played the main role in the aerobic oxidation of sulfur compounds in the chemocline zone.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to the management of the Biological Station, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod for providing the possibility to use the base of the station during our field work at the Staraya Pustyn’ lakes.

Funding

The work was supported by the RF Ministry of Science and Higher Education.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia

    V. M. Gorlenko

  2. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Russia

    M. B. Vainshtein

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  1. V. M. Gorlenko
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  2. M. B. Vainshtein
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Correspondence to V. M. Gorlenko.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Translated by P. Sigalevich

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Gorlenko, V.M., Vainshtein, M.B. Microbiological Characteristics of Three Stratified Lakes in the Nizhny Novgorod Region. Microbiology 92, 183–191 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261722603220

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