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Effect of hypoxia on cholinesterase activity in rat sensorimotor cortex

  • Comparative and Ontogenic Biochemistry
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Abstract

This study reports the dynamics of changes in postnatal ontogenesis of the activity of soluble and membrane-bound forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in the sensorimotor cortex of rats as well as the character of their changes after prenatal hypoxia (E14, 7% O2, 3 hours) or acute hypoxia in adult animals (4 months, 7% O2, 3 hours). In normally developing rats the activity of the membrane-bound form of AChE in the sensorimotor cortex gradually increased up to the end of the first month after birth and remained at this high level during all further postnatal ontogenesis while the activity of the soluble form of the enzyme reached its maximum value on the 10th day after birth and decreased significantly by the end of the first month. In animals subjected to prenatal hypoxia the activity both of the soluble and membrane bound forms of AChE during the first two weeks after birth was 20–25% lower compared to controls but increased by the end of the first month and even exceeded the control values and remained increased up to old age (1.5 years). The activity of both forms of BChE in rat sensorimotor cortex at all stages of postnatal ontogenesis was significantly lower than of AChE although the dynamics of their changes was similar to AChE. Prenatal hypoxia led to a decrease in the activity of the membrane-bound form of BChE compared to controls practically at all studied stages of development but was higher at the end of the first month after birth. At the same time, the activity of the soluble form of BChE was decreased only on the 20th day of development compared to the control but increased starting from the end of the first month of life and further. Acute hypoxia in adult rats also led to a decrease in the activity of both forms of AChE and BChE in the sensorimotor cortex but the dynamics of these changes was different. Thus, insufficient oxygen supply to the nervous tissue at different stages of ontogenesis has a significant effect on the activity and ratio of various forms of cholinesterases possessing either growth factor or mediator properties which might lead to the changes in brain development and formation of behavioural reactions including learning and memory as well as increase the risk of development of the sporadic form of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)—one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases of advanced age. This study widening our understanding of the properties of brain cholinesterases under normal and pathological conditions might be useful for developing new approaches towards prevention and treatment of AD.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

    E. G. Kochkina, S. A. Plesneva, I. A. Zhuravin & N. N. Nalivaeva

  2. Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia

    I. A. Zhuravin

  3. School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    A. J. Turner & N. N. Nalivaeva

Authors
  1. E. G. Kochkina
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  2. S. A. Plesneva
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  3. I. A. Zhuravin
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  4. A. J. Turner
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  5. N. N. Nalivaeva
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Correspondence to I. A. Zhuravin.

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Original Russian Text © E.G. Kochkina, S.A. Plesneva, I.A. Zhuravin, A.J. Turnerc, N.N. Nalivaeva, 2015, published in Zhurnal Evolyutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii, 2015, Vol. 51, No. 2, pp. 95–102.

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Kochkina, E.G., Plesneva, S.A., Zhuravin, I.A. et al. Effect of hypoxia on cholinesterase activity in rat sensorimotor cortex. J Evol Biochem Phys 51, 107–116 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093015020039

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093015020039

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