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Runaway Electrons at the Formation of a Positive Ionization Wave in Nitrogen and Air

  • PLASMA, HYDRO- AND GAS DYNAMICS
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The generation of runaway electrons (REs) at a subnanosecond breakdown of a “plane–needle” gap caused by the development of a positive ionization wave starting from a grounded needle electrode (anode) has been studied experimentally for the first time. Using a four-channel ICCD camera, a Hamamatsu streak camera, and an original method for measuring the displacement current generated by an appearing and propagating ionization wave, the generation of REs has been studied together with the dynamics ionization waves in air and nitrogen at pressures from 20 to 100 kPa. Current pulses of REs shorter than 100 ps have been observed in air at pressures of 60 kPa and below and in nitrogen in the entire pressure range. Double current pulses of REs have been observed in both gases at pressures below 50 kPa. It has been established that the generation of REs occurs after the arrival of the ionization wave at the planar cathode rather than at its start near the needle electrode, as could be expected. The energy of REs under these conditions is lower than the breakdown voltage by a factor of 4 or more. The data obtained indicate that REs are generated in the cathode layer.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-02-00733) and by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (state assignment no. FWRM-2021-0014 for the Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634055, Tomsk, Russia

    D. V. Beloplotov, V. F. Tarasenko & D. A. Sorokin

  2. National Research Tomsk State University, 634050, Tomsk, Russia

    V. F. Tarasenko

Authors
  1. D. V. Beloplotov
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  2. V. F. Tarasenko
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  3. D. A. Sorokin
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Correspondence to D. V. Beloplotov.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Translated by R. Tyapaev

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Beloplotov, D.V., Tarasenko, V.F. & Sorokin, D.A. Runaway Electrons at the Formation of a Positive Ionization Wave in Nitrogen and Air. Jetp Lett. 116, 293–299 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364022601580

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364022601580

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