Abstract
The polarizability α of many atoms and positive ions is related to their energy gap Δ and valence m by the expression αΔ2 ≅ m (in atomic units). The parameter Δ corresponds to a dipolar transition from the ground state to the first excited P state without a change in the principal quantum number n. This relation holds for univalent (m = 1) Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr and bivalent (m = 2) Mg, Ca, Zn, Sr, Cd, Ba, Yb, Hg atoms. The above relation agrees with the experiment for positive ions Mg+ and Ca+ (m = 1) and Al+ and Ga+ (m = 2). The polarizability has been found for atoms and ions of the type Zn+, In+, Tl+, for which experimental data are unavailable. A method of calculating α for ions of the types C++, Al++, Si++ and Si+++, P+++, As+++ has been suggested based on the approximate relation α ≅(2/3〈r2〉0)2/m with the parameter 〈r2〉0 expressed in terms of the valence m, the charge number q of the atomic or ionic residue, and the ionization potential \({J_q} = \frac{{{q^2}}}{{2v_s^2}}\) as \({\left\langle {{r^2}} \right\rangle _0} = \frac{m}{{2{q^2}}}\nu _s^2\left( {1 + 5\nu _s^2} \right)\). The hydrogen dependence of 〈r2〉0 on the parameter νs has been derived by analytical continuation from the integer values νs = 1 and 2. A variational estimate of the van der Waals constant characterizing the interaction of two spherically symmetric atoms at large distances has been given.
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Original Russian Text © A.M. Dyugaev, E.V. Lebedeva, 2016, published in Pis’ma v Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2016, Vol. 104, No. 9, pp. 629–634.
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Dyugaev, A.M., Lebedeva, E.V. New qualitative results of the atomic theory. Jetp Lett. 104, 639–644 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364016210098
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0021364016210098