Abstract
The lithium-rich graphite anode is prepared using porous lithium foil/graphite for LiFePO4 battery. The specific capacities of LiFePO4/lithium-rich graphite battery are tested by the galvanostatic current charge-discharge technology at higher current densities. The lithium-rich graphite anode can improves the capacities of LiFePO4/lithium-rich graphite battery at higher currents. During 300 cycles of charge-discharge no short circuit is observed in the lithium-rich battery at 0.5~5 mA cm–2. The electrode materials are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction powder diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and AC impedance, indicating that there was no obvious damage to the battery materials, and the capacity attenuation at the higher current density was caused by the increase of polarization voltage due to the lack of lithium ions in the cathode and the increase of anode resistance.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Larcher, D. and Tarascon, J.-M., Nat. Chem., 2015, vol. 7, p. 19.
Carrasco, J.M., Franquelo, L.G., Bialasiewicz, J.T., Galvan, E., Portillo Guisado, R.C., Prats, M.A.M., Leon, J.I., and Moreno-Alfonso, N., Ind. Electron., 2006, vol. 53, p. 1002.
Kundu, D. Talaie, E., Duffort, V., and Nazar, L.F., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2015, vol. 54, p. 3431.
Padhi, A.K., Nanjundaswamy, K.S., and Goodenough, J.B., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1997, vol. 144, p. 1188.
Padhi, A.K., Nanjundaswamy, K.S., Masquelier, C., Okada, S., and Goodenough, J.B., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1997, vol. 144, p. 1609.
Libich, J., Máca, J., Vondrák, J., Čech, O., and Sedlaříková, M.,J. Energy Storage, 2017, vol. 14, p. 383.
Dubarry, M., Truchot, C., and Liaw, B.Y., J. Power Sources, 2012, vol. 219, p. 204.
Striebel, K., Guerfi, A., Shim, J., Armand, M., Gauthier, M., and Zaghib, K., J. Power Sources, 2003, vols. 119–121, p. 951.
Dubarry, M. and Liaw, B.Y., J. Power Sources, 2009, vol. 194, p. 541.
Dubarry, M., Truchot, C., and Liaw, B.Y., J. Power Sources, 2014, vol. 258, p. 408.
Wang, J., Soukiazian, S., Verbrugge, M., Tataria, H., Coates, D., Hall, D., and Liu, P., J. Power Sources, 2011, vol. 196, p. 5966.
Deshpande, R., Verbrugge, M., Cheng, Y.T., Wang, J., and Liu, P., J. Electrochem. Soc., 2012, vol. 159, p. A1730.
Shim, J. and Striebel, K.A., J. Power Sources, 2003, vols. 119–121, p. 955.
Liu, P., Wang, J., Hicks-Garner, J., Sherman, E., Soukiazian, S., Verbrugge, M., Tataria, H., Musser, J., and Finamore, P., J. Electrochem. Soc., 2010, vol. 157, p. A499.
An, S.J., Li, J., Daniel, C., Mohanty, D., Nagpure, S., and Wood. D.L., Carbon, 2016, vol. 105, p. 52.
Agubra, V.A. and Fergus, J.W., J. Power Sources, 2014, vol. 268, p. 153.
Zheng, H., Tan, L., Zhang, L., Qu, Q., Wan, Z., Wang, Y., Shen, M., and Zheng, H., Electrochim. Acta, 2015, vol. 173, p. 323.
Peng, Z., Wang, S.W., Zhou, J.J., Jin, Y., Liu, Y., Qin, Y.P., Shen, C., Han, W.Q., and Wang, D.Y., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2016, vol. 4, p. 2427.
Chen, X., Shen, X., Li, B., Peng, H.J., Cheng, X.B., Li, B.Q., Zhang, X.Q., Huang, J.Q., and Zhang, Q., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2018, vol. 57, p. 734.
Liu, S.F., Wang, X.L., Xie, D., Xia, X.H., Gu, C.D., Wu, J.B., and Tu, J.P., J. Alloy. Compd., 2018, vol. 730, p. 135.
Zhamu, A., Chen, G.R., Liu, C.G., Neff, D., Fang, Q., Yu, Z.N., Xiong, W., Wang, Y.B., Wang, X.Q., and Jang, B.Z., Energy Environ. Sci., 2012, vol. 5, p. 5701.
Heine, J., Kruger, S., Hartnig, C., Wietelmann, U., Winter, M., and Bieker, P., Adv. Energy Mater., 2014, vol. 4, p. 1300815.
Ye, H., Xin, S., Yin, Y.X., and Guo, Y.G., Adv. Energy Mater., 2017, vol. 7, p. 1700530.
Tu, Y.C., Deng, D.H., and Bao, X.H., J. Energy Chem., 2016, vol. 25, p. 957.
Lang, J.L., Song, J.N., Qi, L.H., Luo, Y.Z., Luo, X.Y., and Wu, H., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, vol. 9, p. 10360.
Liu, S., Wang, A.X., Li, Q.Q., Wu, J.S., Chiou, K., Huang, J.X., and Luo, J.Y., Joule, 2018, vol. 2, p. 184.
Duan, H., Yin, Y.X., Zeng, X.X., Li, J.Y., Shi, J.L., Shi, Y., Wen, R., Guo, Y. G., and Wan, L.J., Energy Storage Mater., 2018, vol. 10, p. 85.
Choudhury, S., Tu, Z. Y., Stalin, S., Vu, D., Fawole, K., Sundararaman, D.G., and Archer, L.A., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2017, vol. 56, p. 13070.
Zhang, Z.G., Peng, Z., Zheng, J.Y., Wang, S.S., Liu, Z.X., Bi, Y.J., Chen, Y.S., Wu, G., Li, H., Cui, P., Wen, Z.Y., and Wang, D.Y., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, vol. 5, p. 9339.
Zhu, B., Jin, Y., Hu, X.Z., Zheng, Q.H., Zhang, S., Wang, Q.J., and Zhu, J., Adv. Mater., 2017, vol. 29, p. 603755.
Becking, J., Grobmeyer, A., Kolek, M., Rodehorst, U., Schulze, S., Winter, M., Bieker, P., and Stan, M.C., Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, vol. 4, p. 1700166.
Zhang, X.Q., Cheng, X.B., Chen, X., Yan, C., and Zhang, Q., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2017, vol. 27, p. 1605989.
Chi, S.S., Liu, Y.C., Song, W.L., Fan, L.Z., and Zhang, Q., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2017, vol. 27, p. 1700348.
Zhang, R., Cheng, X.B., Zhao, C.Z., Peng, H.J., Shi, J.L., Huang, J.Q., Wang, J., Wei, F., and Zhang, Q., Adv. Mater., 2016, vol. 28, p. 2155.
Zhang, Y., Luo, W., Wang, C.W., Li, Y.J., Chen, C.J., Song, J.W., Dai, J.Q., Hitz, E.M., Xu, S.M., Yang, C.P., Wang, Y.B., and Hu, L.B., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2017, vol. 114, p. 3584.
Lin, D.C., Liu, Y.Y., Liang, Z., Lee, H.W., Sun, J., Wang, H.T., Yan, K., Xie, J., and Cui, Y., Nat. Nanotechnol., 2016, vol. 11, p. 626.
Deng, Y., Lu, H., Cao, Y., Xu, B., Hong, Q., Cai, W., and Yang, W., J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 412, p. 170.
Sharm, N. and Peterson, V. K., J. Power Sources, 2013, vol. 244, p. 695.
Shi, B., Kang, Y., Xie, H., Song, H., and Zhang, Q., Electrochim. Acta, 2018, vol. 284, p. 142.
Xie, Y. and Yuan, C., J. Power Sources, 2015, vol. 274, p. 101.
Luchkin, S.Y., Amanieu, H.-Y., Rosato, D., and Kholkin, A.L., J. Power Sources, 2014, vol. 268, p. 887.
Tarascon, J.-M. and Armand, M., Nature, 2001, vol. 414, no. 6861, p. 359.
Ashton, S.J. and Arenz, M., J. Power Sources, 2012, vol. 217, p. 392.
Sun, Y., Lee, H.W., She, Z. W., Liu, N., Sun, J., Li, Y., and Cui, Y., Nat. Energy, 2016, vol. 1, p. 15008.
Takahashi, I., Mori, T., Yoshinari, T., Orikasa, Y., Koyama, Y., Murayama, H., Fukuda, K., Hatano, M., Arai, H., Uchimoto, Y., and Terai, T., J. Power Sources, 2016, vol. 309, p. 122.
Son, B., Ryou, M., Choi, J., Kim, S., Ko, J.M., and Lee, Y.M., J. Power Sources, 2013, vol. 243, p. 641.
Kim, C.S., Jeong, K.M., Kim, K., and Yi, C.W., Electrochim. Acta, 2015, vol. 155, p. 431.
Kim, H., Bae, G., Lee, S., Ahn, J., and Kim, J., Electrochim. Acta, 2019, vol. 300, p. 18.
Liu, Y., Zhang, M., Li, Y., Hu, Y., Zhu, M., Jin, H., and Li, W., Electrochim. Acta, 2015, vol. 176, p. 689.
Ji, H., Zhang, L., Pettes, M.T., Li, H., Chen, S., Shi, L., Piner, R., and Ruoff. R.S., Nano Lett., 2012, vol. 12, p. 2446.
Deng, Y., Lu, H., Cao, Y., Xu, B., Hong, Q., Cai, W., and Yang, W., J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 412, p. 170.
Zhao, J., Liao, L., Shi, F., Lei, T., Chen, G., Pei, A., Sun, J., Yan, K., Zhou, G., Xie, J., Liu, C., Li, Y., Liang, Z., Bao, Z., and Cui, Y., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, vol. 139, p. 11550.
Tsuda, T., Ando, N., Matsubara, K., Tanabe, T., Itagaki, K., Soma, N., Nakamura, S., Hayashi, N., Gunji, T., Ohsaka, T., and Matsumoto, F., Electrochim. Acta, 2018, vol. 291, p. 267.
Abe, Y. and Kumagai, S., J. Energy Storage, 2018, vol. 19, p. 96.
Zheng, Y., He, Y., Qian, K., Li, B., Wang, X., Li, J., Chiang, S.W., Miao, C., Kang, F., and Zhang, J., Electrochim. Acta, 2015, vol. 176, p. 270.
Shim, J. and Striebel, K.A., J. Power Sources, 2003, vol. 122, p. 188.
Osaka, T., Momma, T., Mukoyama, D., and Nara, H., J. Power Sources, 2012, vol. 205, p. 483.
Andre, D., Meiler, M., Steiner, K., Walz, H., Guth, T.S., and Sauer, D.U., J. Power Sources, 2011, vol. 196, p. 5349.
Andez, C.P.-F., Uddin, K., Chouchelamane, G.H., Widanage, W.D., and Marco, J., J. Power Sources, 2017, vol. 360, p. 301.
Brug, G.J., van den Eeden, A.L.G., Sluyters-Rehbach, M., and Sluyters, J.H., J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem., 1984, vol. 176, p. 275.
Huang, J., Li, Z., Liaw, B.Y., and Zhang, J., J. Power Sources, 2016, vol. 309, p. 82.
Oldham, K.B., Electrochem. Commun., 2004, vol. 6, p. 210.
Cordoba-Torres, P., Electrochim. Acta, 2017, vol. 255, p. 592.
Cordoba-Torres, P., Mesquita, T.J., Devos, O., Tribollet, B., Roche, V., and Nogueira, R.P., Electrochim. Acta, 2012, vol. 72, p. 172.
Jorcin, J.-B., Orazen, M.E., Pebere, N., and Tribollet, B., Electrochim. Acta, 2006, vol. 51, p. 1473.
Mohammand, S., Niya, R., and Hoorfar, M., Electrochim. Acta, 2016, vol. 188, p. 98.
Huang, Q.-A., Shen, Y., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., and Zhang, J., Electrochim. Acta, 2016, vol. 219, p. 751.
Holtstiege, F., Wilken, A., Winter, M., and Placke, T., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, vol. 19, p. 25905.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Open Science Foundation for Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimentional Materials (Grant no. JSKC17009), the Open Science Foundation for Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomass–based Energy and Enzyme Technology (grant no. JSBEET1207), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (51602118).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Song, Y.Z., Song, J., Lili Zhang et al. Electrochemical Preparation of Lithium-Rich Graphite Anode for LiFePO4 Battery. High Energy Chem 54, 441–454 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0018143920060144
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0018143920060144