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New Data on the Age and Genesis of the Newania Carbonatite Complex, Rajasthan, India

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The paper presents newly acquired geochemical and mineralogical data on carbonatites and fluorapatite of the Newania intrusive complex, India. A magmatic−metamorphic hypothesis is proposed to explain the origin of this complex. The Newania carbonatites are comparable to the average composition of ferro- and magnesiocarbonatites worldwide in terms of Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, K, Al, Ti, P, and Sr contents but is depleted in Ba, Ta, Zr, Th, and REE. Fluorapatite and monazite-(Ce) are the main P, Sr, Th, and REE concentrators in the rocks, whereas U is concentrated mostly in U-rich pyrochlore. The major chemical changes in the fluorapatite can be described in a generalized form by the following reaction: REE3+ + Na+ ↔ 2Ca2+. The fluorapatite is relatively poor in radioactive elements and contains no more than 0.2 wt %, ThO2, no more than 1–2 ppm U, the LREE content varies from 1000 to 5000 ppm (Ce > Nd > La), and the HREE content does not exceed 300 ppm. The early magmatic fluorapatite was replaced by monazite-(Ce) due to its recrystallization and redistribution of REE and Th. The late generations of Fe-rich dolomite, fluorapatite, magnetite, and siderite, monazite-(Ce), U-rich pyrochlore, calcite, and graphite may have crystallized under amphibolite metamorphic facies at temperatures close to 600°C. According to the age of the fluorapatite and zircon, the dolomite carbonatites were emplaced into the host granite-gneisses at 2120 Ma, and the transformation of the mineral assemblages and the crystallization of the U-rich pyrochlore occurred at 900 Ma in the course of metamorphic changes.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank the two anonymous reviewers for constructive criticism.

Funding

This study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-55-45010, and Indian Grant DST RFBR 2019/120. This work was funded as part of the project “Thematic and Methodic Works in 2021–2023 Aimed on the Development of Laboratory and Analytical Methods under the State Geological Survey” performed by the Center for Isotope Research at Karpinsky Geological Institute (VSEGEI).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (GEOKHI), Russian Academy of Sciences, 119911, Moscow, Russia

    N. V. Sorokhtina, V. A. Zaitsev & N. N. Kononkova

  2. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI), 199106, St. Petersburg, Russia

    B. V. Belyatsky

  3. Bhopal Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, 462066, Bhopal, India

    S. G. Viladkar & A. Ghatak

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Sorokhtina, N.V., Belyatsky, B.V., Zaitsev, V.A. et al. New Data on the Age and Genesis of the Newania Carbonatite Complex, Rajasthan, India. Geochem. Int. 60, 1237–1261 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016702922120072

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