Abstract—Tumor cells have a higher basal ROS level than normal cells. This phenomenon may provide grounds for the development of novel antitumor drugs that are capable of selectively inducing oxidative stress in tumor cells. This approach can involve agents that induce ROS production and/or inhibit cellular enzymatic antioxidant systems. Thioredoxin reductase is a key enzyme in such systems. Overexpression of thioredoxin reductase has been shown in several types of tumors of hematopoietic, lymphoid, and other tissues. The results of studies of the antitumor activities of various synthetic and natural substances that are able to inhibit thioredoxin reductase are summarized. It is shown that thioredoxin reductase inhibition results in an increase in ROS level in tumor cells and oxidative damage of cells followed by apoptosis mainly via the mitochondrial pathway.
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This work was supported by the Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science, Federal Targeted Program Research and Development in the Priority Areas of the Russian Science and Technology Sector for 2014–2020 (Agreement 14.607.21.0199 of September 26, 2017 Development of the Technology for the Preparation of a Medicine Based on Nanostructured Gold Polyacrylate for Molecularly Targeted Tumor Treatment).
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Translated by Victor Gulevich
Abbreviations: ROS, reactive oxygen species; NSCLC, non-small-cell lung carcinoma; Trx, thioredoxin; TrxR, thioredoxin reductase; shRNA, short hairpin RNA.
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Korman, D.B., Ostrovskaya, L.A. & Kuz’min, V.A. Induction of Oxidative Stress in Tumor Cells: A New Strategy for Drug Therapy of Malignant Tumors. BIOPHYSICS 64, 431–439 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350919030102
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350919030102