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Structure and noncanonical activities of coat proteins of helical plant viruses

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Abstract

The main function of virus coat protein is formation of the capsid that protects the virus genome against degradation. However, besides the structural function, coat proteins have many additional important activities in the infection cycle of the virus and in the defense response of host plants to viral infection. This review focuses on noncanonical functions of coat proteins of helical RNA-containing plant viruses with positive genome polarity. Analysis of data on the structural organization of coat proteins of helical viruses has demonstrated that the presence of intrinsically disordered regions within the protein structure plays an important role in implementation of nonstructural functions and largely determines the multifunctionality of coat proteins.

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Abbreviations

BSMV:

barley stripe mosaic virus

CP:

coat or capsid protein

HR:

hypersensitive response

MP:

movement protein

MT:

microtubules

PD:

plasmodesmata

PR-genes:

pathogenesis-related genes

PVA:

potato virus A

PVX:

potato virus X

RNP complex:

ribonucleoprotein complex

RTM resistance:

resistance associated with restricting long-distance movement of tobacco etch virus

SL1:

stem-loop 1

TGB:

triple gene block

TGB1:

protein encoded by the first gene of TGB

TMV:

tobacco mosaic virus

ToMV:

tomato mosaic virus

5′UTR:

5′-untranslated region

VRC:

virus replicative complex

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  1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Makarov & N. O. Kalinina

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Original Russian Text © V. V. Makarov, N. O. Kalinina, 2016, published in Biokhimiya, 2016, Vol. 81, No. 1, pp. 35-55.

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Makarov, V.V., Kalinina, N.O. Structure and noncanonical activities of coat proteins of helical plant viruses. Biochemistry Moscow 81, 1–18 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297916010016

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