Skip to main content
Log in

Suspended Matter Distribution in the Surface Layer of the East Equatorial Atlantic

  • MARINE GEOLOGY
  • Published:
Oceanology Aims and scope

Abstract—The research is dedicated to the suspended particulate matter (SPM) distribution and the hydrological–hydrochemical conditions within the oceanic upwelling of the so-called Guinea Dome. This dome is a 500 km diameter stable cyclonic eddy, the center of which is located at 10° N and 22° W. It was formed owing to northern branch of Equatorial Counter Current activity. A cruise in November 2016 made it possible to observe the rising of isotherms and isohalines up to 50 m in the northern part of the dome, as well as a high SPM concentration (up to 0.7 mg/L) in the ocean surface layer south of 8° N.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. E. M. Emel’yanov, Barrier Zones in the Ocean: Sedimentation, Orogenesis, and Geoecology (Yantarnyi Skaz, Kaliningrad, 1998) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. V. Kirikova, “The content of nitrates in the photosynthetic layer in the active zones of eastern part of tropic Atlantic,” Ekol. Morya, No. 4, 32–35 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. A. Klyuvitkin, V. V. Zernova, and M. D. Kravchishina, et al., “Distribution of phytoplankton in suspended matter in the Atlantic Ocean in October–November 2002,” in Complex Studies in the World Ocean: The Meridian Project (Nauka, Moscow, 2008), Part 1, pp. 270–294.

  4. A. A. Klyuvitkin, “Atmospheric aerosols and sedimentation in arid zones of the Atlantic Ocean,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 421, 848–852 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. A. P. Lisitsyn, Ocean Sedimentation (Nauka, Moscow, 1978) [in Russian].

    Google Scholar 

  6. A. P. Lisitzin, A. A. Klyuvitkin, V. I. Burenkov, et al., “Distribution and composition of suspended particulate matter in the Atlantic Ocean: direct measurements and satellite data,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 466, 78–81 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. I. A. Nemirovskaya and M. D. Kravchishina, “Dynamics of suspended matter and organic substances in surface waters of Atlantic and Southern oceans according to the research data of the 57th Russian Antarctic Expedition,” Probl. Arkt. Antarkt., No. 1, 31–43 (2013).

  8. I. A. Nemirovskaya, M. D. Kravchishina, A. P. Lisitzyn, and V. A. Artem’ev, “Composition features of organic compounds and suspended particulate matter in snow-ice cover on fast antarctic ice,” Dokl. Earth Sci. 453, 1240–1245 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. N. V. Parin, V. G. Neiman, and Yu. A. Rudyakov, “Biological productivity of waters in the areas of submerged rises of the open ocean,” in Biological Principles of Commercial Exploration of the Open Areas of the Ocean (Nauka, Moscow, 1985), pp. 192–203.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Modern Hydrochemical Studies of the Ocean (Shirshov Institute of Oceanography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 1992) [in Russian].

  11. V. V. Sivkov, A. A. Peive, E. S. Bubnova, et al., “Integrated research during cruise 33 of the R/V Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov,” Oceanology (Engl. Transl.) 59, 279–280 (2019).

  12. Z. Z. Finenko, “Primary production in the areas of ocean bottom rises in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean,” in Biological Principles of Commercial Exploration of the Open Areas of the Ocean (Nauka, Moscow, 1985), p. 184.

    Google Scholar 

  13. R. Chester, H. Elderfield, J. J. Griffin, et al., “Eolian dust along the eastern margins of the Atlantic Ocean,” Mar. Geol. 13 (2), 91–105 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. D. G. Dewitte and E. K. Schneider, “Diagnosing the annual cycle modes in the tropical Atlantic Ocean using a directly coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM,” J. Clim. 19, 5319–5342 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. T. Doi, T. Tozuka, and T. Yamagata, “Interannual variability of the Guinea Dome and its possible link with the Atlantic Meridional mode,” Clim. Dyn. 33 (7–8), 985–998 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. T. Doi, T. Tozuka, and T. Yamagata, “The Atlantic meridional mode and its coupled variability with the Guinea Dome,” J. Clim. 23 (2), 455–475 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. E. Helmers, “Trace metals in suspended particulate matter of Atlantic Ocean surface water (40 °N to 20 °S),” Mar. Chem. 53 (1–2), 51–67 (1996).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. C. J. Lorenzen, “Extinction of light in the ocean by phytoplankton,” ICES J. Mar. Sci. 34 (2), 262–267 (1972).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. P. A. Mazeika, “Eastward flow within the South Equatorial Current in the eastern South Atlantic,” J. Geophys. Res. 73 (18), 5819–5828 (1968).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J. H. Martin and S. E. Fitzwater, “Iron deficiency limits phytoplankton growth in the north-east Pacific subarctic,” Nature 331 (6154), 341 (1988).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. C. R. McClain and J. Firestone, “An investigation of Ekman upwelling in the North Atlantic,” J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 98 (7), 12327–12339 (1993).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. V. Moron, A. W. Robertson, and M. N. Ward, “Seasonal predictability and spatial coherence of rainfall characteristics in the tropical setting of Senegal,” Mon. Weather Rev. 134, 3248–3262 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Murphy and J. P. Riley, “A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters,” Anal. Chim. Acta 27, 31–36 (1962).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. M. Rossignol and A. M. Meyrueis, Campagne Océanographique du Gérard-Tréca (Juin 1962): Étude des Masses d’Eau et de la Circulation dans l’Atlantique Oriental (Région Comprise Entre les Îles du Cap-Vert et la Côte du Sénégal et de Guinée) (ORSTOM, Dakar, 1964), Vol. 53.

    Google Scholar 

  25. R. Schlitzer, Ocean data view, 2018. https://odv.awi.de/.

  26. G. Siedler, N. Zangenberg, and R. Onken, “Seasonal changes in the tropical Atlantic circulation: observation and simulation of the Guinea Dome,” J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 97 (1), 703–715 (1992).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. A. F. Stein, R. R. Draxler, G. D. Rolph, et al. “NOAA’s HYSPLIT atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling system,” Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc. 96, 2059–2077 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00110.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. L. Stramma, S. Hüttl, and J. Schafstall, “Water masses and currents in the upper tropical northeast Atlantic off northwest Africa,” J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans 110 (12), (2005).

  29. K. Sugawara, On the Preparation of CSK Standards for Marine Nutrient Analysis (Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research, Paris, 1969).

    Google Scholar 

  30. B. Voituriez and Y. Dandonneau, “Relation entre la structure thermique, la production primaire et la regeneration des sels nutriptifs dans le dome de Guinee,” Cah. O.R.S.T.O.M., Sér. Océanogr. 12 (4), 241–255 (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  31. B. Voituriez and A. Herbland, “Comparaisons des systèmes productifs de l’Atlantique Tropical Est: dômes thermiques, upwellings côtiers et upwelling equatorial,” in The Canary Student: Studies of an Upwelling System (Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer, Copenhagen, 1982).

    Google Scholar 

  32. K. Wyrtki, “Upwelling in the Costa Rica Dome,” Fish. Bull. 63 (2), 355–372 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  33. L. Yu, X. Jin, and R. A. Weller, “Role of net surface heat flux in seasonal variations of sea surface temperature in the tropical Atlantic Ocean,” J. Clim. 19 (23), 6153–6169 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL) for providing the HYSPLIT model and the READY website (http://www.ready.noaa.gov) for the writing of this article.

Funding

Field data acquisition on cruise 33 of the R/V Akademik Nikolaj Strakhov was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 14-50-00095); interpretation of the results was carried out under the state assignment of IO RAS (topic no. 0149-2019-0013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. S. Bubnova.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bubnova, E.S., Kapustina, M.V., Krechik, V.A. et al. Suspended Matter Distribution in the Surface Layer of the East Equatorial Atlantic. Oceanology 60, 228–235 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143702001004X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143702001004X

Keywords:

Navigation