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Supercritical and critical states of fluids: New distribution and main invariants

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Abstract

For UD-statistics, we present formulas that are in agreement with the value of the second virial coefficient as ρ → 0 at the initial point of the activity a → 0 and with the temperature on the critical isochore ρ = ρ c at the final point. This leads to two invariants: (1) the number of collective degrees of freedom and 2) the admissible size of the cluster fluctuation corresponding to a given temperature. In contrast to subcritical thermodynamics, in which the number of collective degrees of freedom undergoes a jump in the phase transition “ gas-liquid,” the given invariants in supercritical thermodynamics remain valid on the whole isotherm. For ρ > ρ c , using the van der Waals model, we see that fluids disintegrate into a cluster sponge and monomers. We show how these results can be carried over to real gases.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia

    V. P. Maslov

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  1. V. P. Maslov
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Correspondence to V. P. Maslov.

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The article was submitted by the author for the English version of the journal.

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Maslov, V.P. Supercritical and critical states of fluids: New distribution and main invariants. Math Notes 96, 732–738 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143461411011X

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143461411011X

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