Abstract
Faced with multiple crises, recent years have seen the rise of degrowth as a newly emerging field of research on alternatives to development in the Global North, as well as increasing calls for ecological reparations to the Global South to address the harm done by colonial, capitalist, and extractivist development over the past centuries. This article makes a twofold argument about the need to closely interlink these. Degrowth and ecological reparations discourses, policies and related movements could gain from strengthening their connections and a mutual integration of core perspectives and demands. On the one hand, we argue that degrowth needs to develop into a global justice perspective by integrating demands for (ecological) reparations, freedom of movement, and a global-justice oriented reshaping of the international economic system—demands most prominently articulated from Global South movements. Without this global justice outlook, degrowth risks becoming an inward-looking, provincial, localized, and eventually exclusive project within Europe and the Global North. On the other hand, demands for reparations—strongly articulated from the Global South—could benefit from incorporating the call for degrowth in the Global North. Without this call—which can, of course, be articulated by using different terms—the reparations agenda risks a key opportunity to address core structural and systemic drivers of extractive processes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ajl, Max. 2021. A People’s Green New Deal. Pluto Press.
Bello, Walden. 2005. Deglobalization: Ideas for a New World Economy. Dhaka: Zed Books.
Bookchin, Murray, and Ursula K. Le Guin. 2015. The Next Revolution: Popular Assemblies and the Promise of Direct Democracy. Debbie Bookchin and Blair Taylor (Eds.). London New York: Verso.
Brand, Ulrich, and Markus Wissen. 2021. The Imperial Mode of Living: Everyday Life and the Ecological Crisis of Capitalism. New York: Verso.
Burkett, Maxine. 2009. Climate Reparations. Melbourne Journal of International Law 10 (October). https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1539726.
Burkhart, Corinna, Matthias Schmelzer, and Nina Treu (Eds.). 2020. Degrowth in Movement(s): Exploring pathways for transformation. Winchester: Zer0.
Buscher, Bram, and Robert Fletcher. 2020. The Conservation Revolution: Radical Ideas for Saving Nature Beyond the Anthropocene. London New York: Verso.
Chakrabarty, Dipesh. 2000. Provincialising Europe. Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Chang, Ha-Joon. 2002. Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective. London: Anthem Press.
Chiengkul, Prapimphan. 2018. The Degrowth Movement: Alternative Economic Practices and Relevance to Developing Countries. Alternatives: Global, Local, Political 43 (2): 81–95.
D’Alisa, Giacomo, Federico Demaria, and Giorgos Kallis (Eds.). 2014. Degrowth: A Vocabulary for a New Era. London and New York: Routledge.
Dengler, Corinna, and Matthias Schmelzer. 2021. Anmerkungen Zu Niko Paechs Postwachstumsökonomie. Plädoyer Für Weniger Individualethik, Mehr Kapitalismuskritik Und Eine Intersektionale Gerechtigkeitsperspektive. Zeitschrift Für Wirtschafts- Und Unternehmensethik 22 (2): 191–95. https://doi.org/10.5771/1439-880x-2021-2-191.
Ecosocial and Intercultural Pact of the South. 2023. International call for a World Climate Summit of Mother Earth. Pacto Ecosocial e Intercultural del Sur (blog). 9 February 2023. https://pactoecosocialdelsur.com/international-call-for-a-world-climate-summit-of-mother-earth/.
Escobar, Arturo. 2000. Beyond the Search for a Paradigm? Post-Development and Beyond. Development 43 (4): 11–14. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.development.1110188.
Estes, Nick. 2021. Our History Is the Future: Standing Rock Versus the Dakota Access Pipeline, and the Long Tradition of Indigenous Resistance. London: Verso.
Eversberg, Dennis, and Matthias Schmelzer. 2018. The Degrowth Spectrum: Convergence and Divergence within a Diverse and Conflictual Alliance. Environmental Values 27 (3): 245–67.
Fanon, Frantz. 1963. The Wretched of the Earth. Grove Press. http://gen.lib.rus.ec/book/index.php?md5=d2a7d155578d59565375286ba995a79d.
Fitzpatrick, Nick, Timothée Parrique, and Inês Cosme. 2022. Exploring Degrowth Policy Proposals: A Systematic Mapping with Thematic Synthesis. Journal of Cleaner Production 365 (September): 132764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132764.
Gadha, Maha Ben, Fadhel Kaboub, Kai Koddenbrock, Ines Mahmoud, Ndongo Samba Sylla, and Prabhat Patnaik. 2021. Economic and Monetary Sovereignty in 21st Century Africa. London: Pluto Press.
Getachew, Adom. 2019. Worldmaking after Empire: The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination. Princeton Oxford: Princeton University Press.
Gräbner-Radkowitsch, Claudius, and Birte Strunk. 2023. Degrowth and the Global South: The Twin Problem of Global Dependencies. ICAE Working Paper 142. https://www.jku.at/fileadmin/gruppen/108/ICAE_Working_Papers/wp142.pdf.
Hickel, Jason. 2021. The Anti-Colonial Politics of Degrowth. Political Geography 88 (June): 102404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polgeo.2021.102404.
Hickel, Jason. 2020a. Less Is More: How Degrowth Will Save the World. William Heinemann.
Hickel, Jason. 2020b. Quantifying National Responsibility for Climate Breakdown: An Equality-Based Attribution Approach for Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Excess of the Planetary Boundary. The Lancet Planetary Health 4 (9): e399–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30196-0.
Hickel, Jason, Christian Dorninger, Hanspeter Wieland, and Intan Suwandi. 2022a. Imperialist Appropriation in the World Economy: Drain from the Global South through Unequal Exchange, 1990–2015. Global Environmental Change 73: 102467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102467.
Hickel, Jason, Giorgos Kallis, Tim Jackson, Daniel W. O’Neill, Juliet B. Schor, Julia K. Steinberger, Peter A. Victor, and Diana Ürge-Vorsatz. 2022b. Degrowth Can Work — Here’s How Science Can Help. Nature 612 (7940): 400–403. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-04412-x.
Indigenous Environmental Network, and Oilchange International. 2021. Indigenous Resistance against Carbon. Washington, D.C.: Oil Change International. https://www.ienearth.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/Indigenous-Resistance-Against-Carbon-2021.pdf.
Kallis, Giorgos, Susan Paulson, Giacomo D’Alisa, and Federico Demaria. 2020. The Case for Degrowth. Cambridge, UK; Medford, MA: Polity.
Kallis, Giorgos, Vasilis Kostakis, Steffen Lange, Barbara Muraca, Susan Paulson, and Matthias Schmelzer. 2018. Research on Degrowth. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 43: 291–316.
Kothari, Ashish, Federico Demaria, and Alberto Acosta. 2014. Buen Vivir, Degrowth and Ecological Swaraj: Alternatives to Sustainable Development and the Green Economy. Development 57 (3–4): 362–75. https://doi.org/10.1057/dev.2015.24.
Lessenich, Stephan. 2019. Living Well at Others’ Expense: The Hidden Costs of Western Prosperity. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Liegey, Vincent, and Anitra Nelson. 2020. Exploring Degrowth: A Critical Guide. London: Pluto Press.
Martínez-Alier, Joan. 2012. Environmental Justice and Economic Degrowth: An Alliance between Two Movements. Capitalism Nature Socialism 23 (1): 51–73.
Muchhala, Bhumika. 2022. The Structural Power of the State-Finance Nexus: Systemic Delinking for the Right to Development. Development 65 (2): 124–35. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-022-00343-2.
Patnaik, Utsa, and Prabhat Patnaik. 2021. Capital and Imperialism: Theory, History, and the Present. New York: NYU Press.
Perry, Keston. 2020. Realising Climate Reparations: Towards a Global Climate Stabilization Fund and Resilience Fund Programme for Loss and Damage in Marginalised and Former Colonised Societies. SSRN Scholarly Paper. Rochester, NY. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561121.
Piketty, Thomas. 2014. Capital in the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Rodríguez-Labajos, Beatriz, Ivonne Yánez, Patrick Bond, Lucie Greyl, Serah Munguti, Godwin Uyi Ojo, and Winfridus Overbeek. 2019. Not So Natural an Alliance? Degrowth and Environmental Justice Movements in the Global South. Ecological Economics 157 (March): 175–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.11.007.
Schmelzer, Matthias. 2023. From Luddites to Limits? Towards a Systematization of Growth Critiques in Historical Perspective. Globalizations 20 (3): 447–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2022.2106044.
Schmelzer, Matthias, Andrea Vetter, and Aaron Vansintjan. 2022. The Future Is Degrowth: A Guide to a World Beyond Capitalism. London: Verso.
Stanford-Xosei, Esther. 2022. Afrika and Reparations Activism in the UK - Interview. Review of African Political Economy, March. https://roape.net/2022/03/10/afrika-and-reparations-activism-in-the-uk-an-interview-with-esther-stanford-xosei/, https://roape.net/2022/03/10/afrika-and-reparations-activism-in-the-uk-an-interview-with-esther-stanford-xosei/.
Stay Grounded. 2019. Degrowth of Aviation: Reducing Air Travel in a Just Way. Vienna: Stay Grounded. https://stay-grounded.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Degrowth-Of-Aviation_2019.pdf.
Táíwò, Olúfẹmi O. 2022. Reconsidering Reparations: Worldmaking in the Case of Climate Crisis. New York: Oxford University Press.
The Red Nation. 2021. Red Deal: Indigenous Action to Save Our Earth. Brooklyn: Common Notions.
Tyberg, Jamie, and Erica Jung. 2021. Degrowth and Revolutionary Organizing. New York: Rosa Luxemburg Foundation.
Warren, Dorian T. 2017. Reparations and Basic Income. Boston Review. https://bostonreview.net/forum_response/dorian-t-warren-reparations-and-basic-income/.
World People’s Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth. 2010. People’s Agreement of Cochabamba. https://pwccc.wordpress.com/2010/04/24/peoples-agreement/.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Schmelzer, M., Nowshin, T. Ecological Reparations and Degrowth: Towards a Convergence of Alternatives Around World-making After Growth. Development 66, 15–22 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-023-00360-9
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41301-023-00360-9