Abstract
Examination of the growth phases in developed and in developing countries and their involvement in international trade shows the importance of trade policies in these countries. In recent decades, many developing countries have made great efforts to liberalize their trade. North Africa is a developing region whose foreign trade plays an important and growing role in the economy. Many countries have established growth promotion policies driven by exports, evidenced by the signing of several bilateral and multilateral agreements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
African Development Bank. (2014). African Development Report: Regional Integration for Inclusive Growth. Abidjan: AfDB.
Al Khouri, R. (2008). EU and US Free Trade Agreements in the Middle East and North Africa. Carnegie Papers, No. 8. June, 1–23.
Bchir, M. H., Ben Hammouda, H., Oulmane, N., and Sadni Jallab, M. (2006). The Cost of non-Maghreb: Achieving the Gains from Economic Integration. Journal of Economic Integration, 22 (3): 684–722.
Ben Ahmed, G. and Othmani, S. (2014). “North Africa Awakening: New Hopes for Faster and Inclusive Growth,” in A New Paradigm: Perspectives on the Changing Mediterranean, edited by A. Mullins and S. Toperich. Baltimore: Center for Transatlantic Relations at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies.
Brunel, C. and Hufbauer, G. (2013). “Trade Agreements in the MENA Region. Contribution to Better Governance,” in Governance in the Middle East and North Africa: A Handbook, edited by A. Kadhim. London: Routledge.
Chaponnière, J. R. and Lautier, M. (2014). Regional integration in South-East Asia: Lessons for the Southern Mediterranean countries. Economic Brief, Tunis: African Development Bank.
Chauffour, J. P. (2010). Furthering Intra-Regional Integration in the Arab World. Mimeo, Washington, DC: World Bank.
de Wulf, L., Maliszewka, M. (2009). Economic Integration in the Euro-Mediterranean Region. Kyrgyzstan: Center for Social and Economic Research.
European Commission (2009). Union for the Mediterranean: Commission Increases Its Contribution to Priority Projects. Press release IP/09/2013, July 10, Bruxelles: European Commission.
European Commission. (2014). Directorate General for Trade, available on http://ec.europa.eu/trade/
Havrylyshyn, O., Kunzel, P. (2000). Intra-Industry Trade of Arab Countries: An Indicator of Potential Competitiveness in B. Hoekman and J. Zarrouk (eds). Catching Up with the Competition: Trade Opportunities and Challenges for Arab Countries. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
International Monetary Fund. (2014a). World Economic Outlook: Legacies, Clouds, Uncertainties. Washington, DC: IMF.
International Monetary Fund. (2014b). Direction of Trade Statistics. Available at: http://www.imf.org/external/data.htm.
Kauch, K., Youngs, R. (2009). The end of the Mediterranean vision. International Affairs, 85 (5): 963–975.
Koffi Ehoussou, J. V. (2005). Intégration économique régionale et commerce intra-zone: le cas de l’Afrique du Nord. Rabat: UNECA and Abidjan: Université de Cocody.
Konsentio. (2013). Making the Case for Maghreb Business in Times of Change. Available on http://di.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/DIBD/AE-Network/Network%20Meetings%202014/Konsentio_IMCI_Draft%20report.pdf.
Lopez-Calix, J. R., Walkenhorst, P., and Diop, N. (2010). Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa: Policies for Export Diversification. Working Paper, No. 55199. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Malka, H. (2013). Morocco’s African Future. Analysis Paper, Washington DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies.
Mevel, S. and Karingi, S. (2012). Deepening Regional Integration in Africa: a Computable General Equilibrium Assessment of the Establishment of a Continental Free Trade Area Followed by a Continental Customs Union. Paper presented at the African Economic Conference, October 30, November 2, 2012, Kigali, Rwanda.
Ncube, M., Faye, I., and Verdier-Chouchane, A. (2015). Regional Integration and Trade in Africa. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
Nsouli, S. M. (2006). The Euro-Mediterranean Partnership Ten Years On: Reassessing Readiness and Prospects. Monaco: IMF at Crans-Montana Forum.
Oueslati, A. and Brini, R. (2013). The Arab Maghreb union: The “cost of non maghreb” and sectoral prospects. International Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Sciences, 1 (6): 285–291.
Santi, E., Ben Romdhane, S., and Shaw, W. (2012). Unlocking North Africa’s Potential through Regional Integration: Challenges and Opportunities. Tunis: AfDB.
Shui, L. and Walkenhorst, P. (2010). “Regional Integration: Status, Developments, and Challenges,” in Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa. Policies for Export Diversification, edited by J.R. Lopez-Calix, P. Walkenhorst and N. Diop. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Ulgen, S. (2011). Time to Overhaul the European Union’s Role in North Africa. Carnegie Europe, available at: http://carnegieeurope.eu/publications/?fa=42382.
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2014). UNCTAD Stat Database. Available at: http://unctadstat.unctad.org/EN/Index.html
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. (2013). Regional Integration and Development of Intra-Regional Trade in North Africa: What Potential Trade? Rabat, Morocco: UNECA.
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. (2014). The Industrialization for a Sustainable and Inclusive Development in North Africa. Report on sub-regional initiatives, Twenty-ninth meeting of the intergovernmental committee of experts (ICE), Geneva.
World Bank. (2008). Middle East and North Africa Region: 2008 Economic Developments and Prospects. Washington, DC: World Bank.
World Bank. (2010). Economic Integration in the Maghreb. Washington, DC: World Bank.
World Bank. (2012). From Political to Economic Awakening in the Arab World: The Path of Economic Integration, Report No. 68832-MNA. Washington, DC: World Bank.
World Bank. (2014). Export Trends and Trade Structure Indices. Washington, DC: World Bank.
World Economic Forum. (2014). The Global Enabling Trade Report 2014. Geneva: WEF.
Zarrouk, J. (2003). “A Survey of Barriers to Trade and Investment in Arab Countries,” in Arab Economic Integration: Between Hope and Reality, edited by A. Galal and B. Hoekman. Washington DC: Brookings Institution Press.
Editor information
Copyright information
© 2016 Audrey Verdier-Chouchane, Mohamed Sami Ben Ali and Charlotte Karagueuzian
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Verdier-Chouchane, A., Ben Ali, M.S., Karagueuzian, C. (2016). Trade Diversification and Intra-Regional Trade in North Africa. In: Ben Ali, M.S. (eds) Economic Development in the Middle East and North Africa. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137480668_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137480668_8
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, New York
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-55918-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-48066-8
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)