Abstract
This chapter provides a historical overview of whitestream (see Skerrett, this volume) provision of early childhood care and education (ECCE) services within Aotearoa, positioning this within the wider socio-cultural/political contexts of colonization and assimilatory policies. The origins of the various early childhood services are explained as emerging from needs identified in New Zealand communities at particular periods, with long-standing colonialist ideology re-emerging as deficit discourses, with assimilation of Māori into the whitestream being the underlying intention, despite the aspirations of both the 1840 Tiriti o Waitangi and 1996 early childhood curriculum Te Whāriki espousing bicultural possibilities whereby Māori maintain the right to uphold te ao Māori values (Māori worldview), traditions, and language, whist also accessing the knowledges of the Western world.
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Ritchie, J. (2014). Contextual Explorations of Māori within “Whitestream” Early Childhood Education in Aotearoa New Zealand. In: Early Childhood Education in Aotearoa New Zealand: History, Pedagogy, and Liberation. Critical Cultural Studies of Childhood. Palgrave Pivot, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137375797_5
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