Abstract
One of the most significant international trends in education is the increasingly important role of private actors in the improvement of public schools (Meyer and Rowan 2006). International advisory firms, non-profit organisations, corporate social responsibility divisions of commercial enterprises, individual consultants and a growing number of philanthropic foundations have joined the field which used to be almost exclusively government domain (Bethge 2006; Rowan 2006). The public school system is thus becoming an arena where new and old actors meet in order to improve its quality in possibly innovative, often collaborative, and sometimes contentious ways.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adloff, F. (2010): Philanthropisches Handeln. Eine historische Soziologie des Stiftens in Deutschland und den USA. Frankfurt/Main, New York: Campus.
Adloff, F. and Sigmund, S. (2005): Die gift economy moderner Gesellschaften. Zur Soziologie der Philanthropie. In: Adloff, F. and Mau, S. (eds): Vom Geben und Nehmen. Zur Soziologie der Reziprozität. Frankfurt/Main, New York: Campus, pp. 211–235.
Altrichter, H. and Maag Merki, K. (2010): Steuerung der Entwicklung des Schulwesens. In: Altrichter, H. and Maag Merki, K. (eds): Handbuch neue Steuerung im Schulsystem. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag, pp. 15–39.
Anheier, H. K. (2005): Nonprofit Organizations. Theory, Management, Policy. London, New York: Routledge.
Anheier, H. K. and Daly, S. (2007): Philanthropic Foundations in Modern Society. In: Anheier, H. K. and Daly, S. (eds): The Politics of Foundations. A Comparative Analysis. London, New York: Routledge, pp. 3–26.
Anheier, H. K. and Leat, D. (2006): Creative Philanthropy. Towards a New Philanthropy for the Twenty-First Century. London: Routledge.
Bacchetti, R. and Ehrlich, T. (2007): Recommendations: Building Educational Capital. In: Bacchetti, R. and Ehrlich, T. (eds): Reconnecting Education & Foundations. Turning Good Intentions into Educational Capital. San Francisco: Wiley, pp. 21–45.
Bartelborth, T. (1996): Begründungsstrategien. Ein Weg durch die analytische Erkenntnistheorie. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.
Bertelsmann Stiftung (2007): Annual Report 2006. [Online] Available at: http://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/bst/en/media/xcms_bst_dms_21313_21314_2.pdf, last retrieved 10 May 2013.
Bethge, H. (2006): Die Bildungsmärkte der Wissensgesellschaft. Private-Public Partnerships an Schulen. In: Bittlingmayer, U. H. and Bauer, U. (eds): Die “Wissensgesellschaft.” Mythos, Ideologie oder Realität? Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 401–431.
Bonsen, M., Bos, W. and Rolff, H. G. (2008): Zur Fusion von Schuleffektivitäts-und Schulentwicklungsforschung. In: Bos, W., Holtappels, H. G., Pfeiffer, H., Rolff, H. G. and Schulz-Zander, R. (eds): Jahrbuch der Schulentwicklung, Band 15., Daten, Beispiele und Perspektiven. Weinheim and München: Juventa, pp. 11–39.
Brest, P. and Harvey, H. (2008): Money Well Spent. A Strategic Plan for Smart Philanthropy. New York: Bloomberg Press.
Bundesverband Deutscher Stiftungen (2010): Stiftungslexikon, “Stiftungstypologie”. [Online] Available at: http://www.stiftungen.org/de/news-wissen/stiftungslexikon. html, last retrieved 18 February 2013.
Bundesverband Deutscher Stiftungen (2012): Gewichtete Verteilung der Stiftungszweckhauptgruppen. [Online] Available at: http://www.stiftungen.org/fileadmin/bvds/de/Presse/Grafiken_Zahlen_Daten/Stiftungszwecke_2012.pdf, last retrieved 16 February 2013.
Carr, P. J. (2012): Private Voices, Public Forces: Agenda Setting and the Power of Foundations in the NCLB Era. Dissertation, Georgetown University.
Cohen, G. A. (1993): Equality of What? On Welfare, Goods, and Capabilities. In: Nussbaum, M. C. and Sen, A. (eds): The Quality of Life. Oxford: Clarendon, pp. 9–29.
Cohen, M. D., March, J. G. and Olsen, J. P. (1972): A Garbage Can Model of Organizational Choice. In: Administrative Science Quarterly 17(1), pp. 1–25.
Connell, J. P. and Klem, A. M. (2001): A Theory-of-Change Approach to Evaluation Investments in Public Education. In: Flynn, P. and Hodgkinson, V. A. (eds): Measuring the Impact of the Nonprofit Sector. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 173–183.
Creswell, J. W. (2007): Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design. Choosing Among Five Approaches. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Czerwanski, A. (2000): Private Stiftungen und staatliche Schulen. Schulentwicklung durch nicht-staatliche Förderprogramme? Opladen: Leske & Budrich.
Damon, W. (2006): Introduction: Taking Philanthropy Seriously. In: Damon, W. and Verducci, S. (eds): Taking Philanthropy Seriously. Beyond Noble Intentions to Responsible Giving. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, pp. 1–11.
Deutsche Bundesbank (2013): Devisenkursstatistik. [Online] Available at: http://www.bundesbank.de/Redaktion/DE/Downloads/Statistiken/Aussenwirtschaft/Devisen_Euro_Referenzkurs/stat_eurorefj.pdf?_blob=publicationFile, last retrieved 29 January 2013.
DiMaggio, P. J. (2001): Measuring the Impact of the Nonprofit Sector on Society Is Probably Impossible but Possibly Useful. A Sociological Perspective. In: Flynn, P. and Hodgkinson, V.A. (eds): Measuring the Impact of the Nonprofit Sector. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 249–272.
Domanico, R., Finn Jr, C. E., Innerst, C., Kanstoroom, M. and Russo, A. (2000): Can Philanthropy Fix Our Schools? Darby: Diane Publishing Co.
Eisenhardt, K. M. (2002): Building Theories from Case Study Research. In: Huberman, M. A. and Miles, M. B. (eds): The Qualitative Researcher’s Companion. 1st ed. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications, pp. 5–35.
Esping-Andersen, G. (1990): The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Fend, H. (2008): Neue Theorie der Schule. Einführung in das Verstehen von Bildungssystemen. 2nd ed. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.
Fine, G. A. (2006): The Chaining of Social Problems: Solutions and Unintended Consequences in the Age of Betrayal. In: Social Problems 53(1), pp. 3–17.
Fleishman, J. L. (2007): The Foundation. A Great American Secret. New York: Public Affairs.
Flick, U. (ed.) (2009): Qualitative Forschung. Ein Handbuch. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt Taschenbuch Verlag.
Flynn, P. and Hodgkinson, V. A. (2001): Measuring the Contributions of the Nonprofit Sector. In: Flynn, P. and Hodgkinson, V. A. (eds): Measuring the Impact of the Nonprofit Sector. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, pp. 3–16.
The Foundation Center (2008): Distribution of Foundation Grants by Subject Categories, circa 2006. [Online] Available at: http://foundationcenter.org/find funders/statistics/pdf/04_fund_sub/2006/10_06.pdf, last retrieved 29 January 2013.
The Foundation Center (2010): Distribution of Grants by Subject Categories. [Online] Available at: http://foundationcenter.org/findfunders/statistics/pdf/04_fund_sub/2010/10_10.pdf, last retrieved 18 February 2013.
Friedeburg, L. v. (1992): Bildungsreform in Deutschland. Geschichte und gesellschaftlicher Widerspruch. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp.
Frumkin, P. (2000): Philanthropic Leverage. In: Society 37(6), pp. 40–46.
Frumkin, P. (2005): Strategic Giving and Public School Reform. Three Challenges. In: Hess, F. M. (ed.): With the Best of Intentions. How Philanthropy Is Reshaping K-12 Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, pp. 275–294.
Frumkin, P. (2006): Strategic Giving. The Art and Science of Philanthropy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Funke, J. (2003): Problemlösendes Denken. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
Gates, B. (2008): Speech by Bill Gates at the Forum on Education in America. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. [Online] Available at: http://www.gatesfoundation.org/speeches-commentary/Pages/bill-gates-2008education-forum-speech.aspx, last retrieved 10 March 2011.
Gates Foundation (2011): United States Education Strategy. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. [Online] Available at: http://www.gatesfoundation.org/united states/Pages/education-strategy.aspx, last retrieved 10 March 2011.
Gerber, P. (2006): Der lange Weg der sozialen Innovation — Stiftungen und sozialer Wandel. Unternehmensnahe Stiftungen in der Bundesrepublik als Innovationsagenturen im Feld der Bildungs-und Sozialpolitik am Beispiel der Freudenberg Stiftung. Frankfurt/Main: Peter Lang.
Glaser, B. G. and Strauss, A. L. (2005 [1967]): The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies of Qualitative Research. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
Greene, J. P. (2005): Buckets into the Sea. Why Philanthropy Isn’t Changing Schools, and How It Could. In: Hess, F.M. (ed.): With the Best of Intentions. How Philanthropy Is Reshaping K-12 Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, pp. 49–76.
Hammack, D. C. and Anheier, H. K. (2010): American Foundations: Their Roles and Contributions to Society. In: Anheier, H. K. and Hammack, D. C. (eds): American Foundations. Roles and Contributions. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, pp. 3–27.
Harrow, J. and Jung, T. (2011): Philanthropy Is Dead; Long Live Philanthropy? In: Public Management Review 13(8), pp. 1048–1156.
Hess, F. M. (2005a): Preface. In: Hess, F. M. (ed.): With the Best of Intentions. How Philanthropy Is Reshaping K-12 Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, pp. vii–viii.
Hess, F. M. (2005b): Introduction. In: Hess, F. M. (ed.): With the Best of Intentions. How Philanthropy Is Reshaping K-12 Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, pp. 1–17.
Hess, F. M. (2005c): Conclusion. In: Hess, F.M. (ed.): With the Best of Intentions: How Philanthropy Is Reshaping K-12 Education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Education Press, pp. 295–312.
Kania, J. and Kramer, M. R. (2011): Collective Impact. In: Stanford Social Innovation Review 9(1), pp. 36–41.
Kovacs, P. E. (ed.) (2011): The Gates Foundation and the Future of US “Public” Schools. London, New York: Routledge.
Lagemann, E. C. and de Forest, J. (2007): What Might Andrew Carnegie Want to Tell Bill Gates? Reflections on the Hundredth Anniversary of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. In: Bacchetti, R. and Ehrlich, T. (eds): Reconnecting Education & Foundations. Turning Good Intentions into Educational Capital. San Francisco: Wiley, pp. 49–67.
Liket, K. C. and Maas, K. E. H. (forthcoming): Measurement Validity in Impact Research and Measurement: Do We Know What We Are Talking About? In: Liket, K.C. (ed.): Why Doing Good is Not Good Enough. Doctoral Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Lobman, T. and Bacchetti, R. (2007): Increasing Foundation Impact by Building Educational Capital. In: Bacchetti, R. and Ehrlich, T. (eds): Reconnecting Education & Foundations. Turning Good Intentions into Educational Capital. San Francisco: Wiley, pp. 71–106.
Maaz, K., Baumert, J. and Trautwein, U. (2010): Genese sozialer Ungleichheit im institutionellen Kontext der Schule: Wo entsteht und vergrößert sich soziale Ungleichheit? In: Baumert, J.; Maaz, K. and Trautwein, U. (eds): Bildungsentscheidungen. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, Sonderheft 12/2009. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 11–46.
McGuiggan, R., and Lee, G. (2008): Cross-case analysis: An alternative methodology. In: Proceedings of Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, Sydney 2008, pp. 1–7.
Merton, R. K. (1936): The Unanticipated Consequences of Purposive Social Action. In: American Sociological Review, 1(6), pp. 894–904.
Meyer, H. D. (2006): Gauging the Prospects for Change. In: Meyer, H. D. and Rowan, B. (eds): The New Institutionalism in Education. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 217–223.
Meyer, H. D. and Rowan, B. (2006): Institutional Analysis and the Study of Education. In: Meyer, H. D. and Rowan, B. (eds): The New Institutionalism in Education. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 1–13.
Mildenberger, G., Münscher, R. and Schmitz, B. (2012): Dimensionen der Bewertung gemeinnütziger Organisationen und Aktivitäten. In: Anheier, H. K., Schröer, A. and Then, V. (eds): Soziale Investitionen. Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 279–312.
Mintzberg, H. (1979): Patterns in Strategy Formation. In: International Studies of Management & Organization 9(3), pp. 67–86.
Nussbaum, M. C. and Sen, A. (eds) (1993): The Quality of Life. Oxford: Clarendon.
OECD (ed.) (2009): Education at a Glance 2009: OECD Indicators. [Online] Available at: http://www.oecd.org/education/highereducationandadultlearning/43636332.pdf, last retrieved 29 January 2013.
OECD (ed.) (2012): Education at a Glance 2012: OECD Indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing.
Porter, M. E. and Kramer, M. R. (1999): Philanthropy’s New Agenda: Creating Value. In: Harvard Business Review 77(6), pp. 121–130.
Prewitt, K. (2006): Foundations. In: Powell, W. W. and Steinberg, R. (eds): The Nonprofit Sector. A Research Handbook. 2nd ed. New Haven, London: Yale University Press, pp. 355–377.
Quinn, R., Tompkins-Stange, M. and Meyerson, D. (2013): Beyond Grantmaking: Philanthropic Foundations as Institutional Entrepreneurs. In: Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. Published online 24 June 2013.
Rauscher, O., Schober, C. and Millner, R. (2012): Social Impact Measurement und Social Return on Investment (SROI)-Analyse. Wirkungsmessung neu? Working Paper. NPO-Kompetenzzentrum WU Wien.
Reckhow, S. (2013): Follow the Money: How Foundation Dollars Change Public School Politics. New York; Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Robelen, E. W. (2005): Gates High Schools Get High Marks on Climate but Low Ones on Rigor. In: Education Week 25(12), pp. 1–20.
Robeyns, I. (2006): The Capability Approach in Practice. In: The Journal of Political Philosophy 14(3), pp. 351–376.
Robeyns, I. (2007): The Capability Approach: A Theoretical Survey. In: Journal of Human Development 6(1), pp. 93–117.
Rowan, B. (2006): The School Improvement Industry in the United States: Why Educational Change Is both Pervasive and Ineffectual. In: Meyer, H. D. and Rowan, B. (eds): The New Institutionalism in Education. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 67–85.
Saltman, K. J. (2010): The Gift of Education. Public Education and Venture Philanthropy. New York: Palgrave.
Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001): Causation and Effectuation: Toward a Theoretical Shift from Economic Inevitability to Entrepreneurial Contingency. In: Academy of Management Review, 26(2), pp. 243–263.
Schöller, O. (2006): Bildung geht stiften. Zur Rolle von Think Tanks in der Wissensgesellschaft. In: Bittlingmayer, U. H. and Bauer, U. (eds): Die “Wissensgesellschaft.” Mythos, Ideologie oder Realität? Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 285–320.
Sebeok, T. A. and Umiker-Sebeok, J. (1979): “You Know My Method”: A Juxtaposition of Charles S. Peirce and Sherlock Holmes. In: Semiotica 26 (3-4), pp. 203–250.
Sen, A. (1980): Equality of What? In: McMurrin, S. M. (ed.): The Tanner Lectures on Human Values. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, pp. 197–220.
Sen, A. (1985): Well-Being, Agency and Freedom: The Dewey Lectures 1984. In: The Journal of Philosophy 82(4), pp. 169–221.
Snyder, T. D. and Dillow, S. A. (2012): Digest of Education Statistics 2011 (NCES 2012-001). National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, US Department of Education. Washington, DC. [Online] Available at: http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2012/2012001.pdf, last retrieved 18 February 2013.
Statistisches Bundesamt (2012a): Zahlen und Fakten. [Online] Available at: https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/GesellschaftStaat/BildungForschungKultur/Schulen/Schulen.html, last retrieved 18 February 2013.
Statistisches Bundesamt (2012b): Zahlen und Fakten. [Online] Available at: https://www.destatis.de/DE/ZahlenFakten/GesellschaftStaat/BildungForschungKultur/Schulen/Tabellen/AllgemeinBildendeBeruflicheSchulenSchularten.html, last retrieved 18 February 2013.
Sulek, M. (2010): On the Modern Meaning of Philanthropy. In: Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 39(2), pp. 193–212.
Thümler, E. (2011): Foundations, Schools and the State. School Improvement Partnerships in Germany and the United States as Legitimacy-Generating Arrangements. In: Public Management Review 13(8), pp. 1095–1116.
Thümler, E. and Bögelein, N. (2012): Sind Stiftungen Soziale Investoren? Zur Anwendbarkeit eines ökonomischen Begriffs auf die Tätigkeit gemeinnütziger europäischer Stiftungen. In: Anheier, H. K.; Schröer, A. and Then, V. (eds): Soziale Investitionen. Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, pp. 257–275.
Tyack, D. and Cuban, L. (1995): Tinkering Toward Utopia. A Century of Public School Reform. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
The World Bank (2013): Total Public Spending. [Online] Available at: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SE.XPD.TOTL.GB.ZS?page=1, retrieved 29 January 2013.
Yin, R. K. (2003): Case Study Research: Design and Methods. 3rd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2014 Ekkehard Thümler, Nicole Bögelein and Annelie Beller
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thümler, E., Bögelein, N., Beller, A. (2014). Education Philanthropy in Germany and the United States. In: Thümler, E., Bögelein, N., Beller, A., Anheier, H.K. (eds) Philanthropy and Education. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137326256_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137326256_1
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-349-45967-4
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-32625-6
eBook Packages: Palgrave Education CollectionEducation (R0)