Abstract
The uprisings sweeping the Middle East and North Africa are effectively changing the political landscape in the region. But while some countries are undergoing popular social changes, some will not see the same social revolutionary impulse. While the so-called Arab spring has so far toppled despotic regimes in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, and mounted serious challenges to authoritarian regimes in Syria and Yemen. Algeria’s entrenched bureaucratic-cum-military authoritarian system has proved resilient. In Morocco, the monarchy still appears popular with most Moroccans. Where Tunisians, Egyptians, Yemenis, Syrians, and Libyans called for regime changes in their political systems, Morocco’s protesters have called on the king to reform the political system, sack the government, and fight corruption. This reality points to a sizeable monarchical popularity.
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Notes
Henri Lauziere, “Post-Islamism and the Religious Discourse of Abd Al-Salam Yasin,” International Journal of Middle East Studies, 37:2 (2005): 241.
Fouad Ajami, “The Arab Spring at One: A Year of Living Dangerously,” Foreign Affairs, March/April 2012, p.59.
Ibid.
Juan Linz, “An Authoritarian Regime: The Case of Spain,” in Erik Allard and Stein Rokkan (eds.), Mass Politics: Studies in Political Sociology. (New York: Free Press, 1970), 255.
Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan, Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation: Southern Europe, South America, and Post-Communist Europe (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996), 39–40.
Russell E. Lucas, “Monarchical Authoritarianism: Survival and Political Liberalization in a Middle Eastern Regime Type,” International Journal of Middle East Studies, 36:1 (2004): 103–119. p.108.
John Waterbury, Commander of the Faithful: The Moroccan Political Elite, A Study in Segmented Politics (New York: Columbia University Press, 1970), 17–18 and 31.
Germain Ayache, Etudes d’Histoire Marocaine: société marocaine des éditeurs réunis (Rabat: SMER, 1983), 160, 167–168 and 176.
Mohamed Salahdine, Maroc: Tribus, Makhzen et Colons (Paris: Editions L’Harmattan, 1986), 103–104.
Rachida Cherifi, Le Makhzen Politique au Maroc: Hier et Aujourd’hui (Casablanca: Afrique Orient), 16.
Mohamed Daadaoui, “Morocco’s Monarchical Exception?” Foreign Policy, December 14, 2012.
James Scott, Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985), 39. See also Scott’s, Domination and the Arts of Resistance (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1990).
Ilya Harik, “The Origins of the Arab State System,” in Ghassan Salame (ed.), The Foundations of the Arab State (London: Croom Helm., 1987), pp. 19–46.
Remy Leveau, “The Moroccan Monarchy: A Political System in Quest of a New Equilibrium,” in Joseph Kostiner (eds.), Middle East Monarchies (Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2000), p. 117.
Remy Leveau, “Morocco at the Crossroads,” Mediterranean Politics 3:3 (Winter 1997), 114–122.
Mohamed Daadaoui, Moroccan Monarchy and The Islamist Challenge: Maintaining Makhzen Power (New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2011).
Royal speech March 9, 2011: http://moroccansforchange.com/2011/03/09/king-mohamed-vi-speech-3911-full-text-feb20-khitab/
Ibid.
Translated from the Arabic version of the Constitution of Morocco: http://www.sgg.gov.ma/constitution_2011_Ar.pdf?cle=78 (accessed on February 17, 2012).
Scott, Weapons of the Weak. See also Scott’s, Domination and the Arts.
M. Elaine Combs-Schilling, “Performing Monarchy, Stating Nation,” in Rahma Bourqia and Susan Gilson Miller (eds.), In the Shadow of the Sultan: Culture, Power, and Politics in Morocco (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999), p. 176.
William Zartman, “Opposition as Support of the State,” in A. I. Dawisha and Zartman I. William (eds.), Beyond Coercion: The Durability of the Arab State (London: New York, 1988), p. 53.
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© 2014 Mahmoud Hamad and Khalil al-Anani
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Daadaoui, M. (2014). Morocco’s “spring”: The Monarchical Advantage and Electoral Futility. In: Hamad, M., al-Anani, K. (eds) Elections and Democratization in the Middle East. Elections, Voting, Technology. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137299253_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137299253_5
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