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Low-power electronic technologies for harsh radiation environments

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Abstract

Electronic technologies that can operate in harsh radiation environments are important in space, nuclear and avionic applications. However, radiation-hardened (rad-hard) integrated circuits often require additional processing and more complex configurations than conventional systems. Here we review the development of low-power, rad-hard electronics, examining the underlying phenomena of radiation-induced electronic failure and the design methodologies available with conventional complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technologies to mitigate the problem. We also explore the potential use and applications of various emerging memory technologies in rad-hard electronics.

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Fig. 1: Energetic radiation environment.
Fig. 2: The routes of radiation damage in electronics.
Fig. 3: Radiation hardening by design.
Fig. 4: Radiation effects in advanced CMOS devices.
Fig. 5: Radiation effects in memory technologies.
Fig. 6: Prospective rad-had applications of emerging memory technologies.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the support of EPSRC Programme Grant FORTE (EP/R024642/1), H2020-FETPROACT-2018-01 SYNCH, FWO (12P5319N), EU Horizon 2020 - RADSAGA (721624) and the RAEng Chair in Emerging Technologies (CiET1819/2/93).

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  1. These authors contributed equally: Jeffrey Prinzie, Firman Mangasa Simanjuntak.

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  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

    Jeffrey Prinzie & Paul Leroux

  2. Centre for Electronics Frontiers, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

    Firman Mangasa Simanjuntak & Themis Prodromakis

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J.P., F.M.S., P.L. and T.P. conceived of this Review. J.P. and F.M.S. performed the literature analysis. J.P. and F.M.S. wrote the Review with input from all authors. All authors discussed and contributed to the final manuscript. T.P. took the lead on the structure of the Review and figures.

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Correspondence to Paul Leroux or Themis Prodromakis.

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Prinzie, J., Simanjuntak, F.M., Leroux, P. et al. Low-power electronic technologies for harsh radiation environments. Nat Electron 4, 243–253 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41928-021-00562-4

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