Abstract
Chagas’ disease is a parasitic infection caused by protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi that affect millions of people worldwide. The available drugs for treatment of this infection cause serious side effects and have variable efficacy, especially in the chronic phase of the disease. In this context, natural compounds have shown great potential for the discovery of new chemotherapies for the treatment of this infection and various other diseases. In present study, we evaluated the in vitro antiprotozoal activity of five species of Brazilian and Spanish marine sponges (Condrosia reniformes, Tethya rubra, Tethya ignis, Mycale angulosa and Dysidea avara) against T. cruzi. By GC-MS data, we observed that in these extracts were present the major classes of the following compounds: hydrocarbons, terpenes, steroids and alcohols. The extracts showed activity against the three forms of this parasite and did not induce toxicity in mammalian cells. Better activities were observed with the extracts of marine sponges, C. reniformes (EC50 = 0.6 μg/ml), D. avara (EC50 = 1.1 μg/ml) and M. angulosa (EC50 = 3.8 μg/ml), against trypomastigote forms. In intracellular amastigote forms, the extract of T. ignis showed IC50 of 7.2 (ig/ml and SI of 24.65. On this basis, our results indicate that these extracts can be promising chemotherapeutic agents against T. cruzi.
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Acknowledgments
This study was supported through grants from the CNPq, CAPES, FINEP, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas da Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Biologia Marinha da Universidade Federal Fluminense; EMB express thanks for CAPES for providing his postdoc fellowship (PNPD 2014–2015). The authors are grateful to Adriana Vilamor, Oriol Sacristan and Javier Cristobo (Instituto Oceanografia of Galicia), for help in collection and identification of sponge materials.
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JCP, VCD, EBG and SCM contributed to the biological analysis and elaboration of the manuscript. GGO contributed for the gas chromatography assay and identification of lead compounds. SMR and EMB contributed for collection, identification and elaboration of the organic extracts of the marine sponges. TUN, SOS and CVN designed the study, supervised the laboratory work and contributed to critical reading of the manuscript. All the authors have read the final manuscript and approved the submission.
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de Paula, J.C., Desoti, V.C., Sampiron, E.G. et al. Trypanocidal activity of organic extracts from the Brazilian and Spanish marine sponges. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 25, 651–656 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.08.011