Abstract
Commonly affected in early-life population, the impact of allergic phenotypes on mid- or late-life health is less discussed. This study is to explore the association of allergic phenotypes including atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, eosinophils count (EC), and sarcopenia. We conducted observational studies and mendelian randomization (MR) analysis based on UK Biobank (UKB), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and data from genome-wide association study (GWAS). Based on the UKB data, AD, asthma and EC were positively correlated with pre-sarcopenia and decreased skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip in fully adjusted model. Asthma and EC were significantly associated with sarcopenia while AD was marginally associated (p = 0.095). Based on the CHARLS cohort, asthma significantly added 109.4% risk for pre-sarcopenia in adjusted model (relative risk = 2.094; p = 0.002), respectively. Both asthma (β = 0.100, p = 0.006) and EC (β = 0.023, p = 0.017) exerted significantly casual effects on pre-sarcopenia. However, as for sarcopenia, merely EC exhibited a significantly casual effect (β = 0.005, p = 0.048). Significant casual effects of AD (β = – 0.027, p = 0.003), asthma (β = – 0.029, p = 0.027) and EC (β = – 0.041, p < 0.001) on decreased appendicular lean mass (ALM) were observed using the inverse-variance weighted method and the Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) method. Our results revealed a contributory role of AD, asthma and EC on sarcopenia, especially in terms of decreased ALM, an indicator for sarcopenia diagnosis. The findings of our study will raise the awareness of preventing aging-related disorders or geriatric syndromes among allergic populations.
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Data availability
Individual-level data of UKB can be obtained with an approved application. CHARLS data is available upon request via the website http://charls.pku.edu.cn/. All instrumental SNPs are listed in the supplementary tables. Outcome estimates were obtained using publicly accessible data made accessible by GWAS consortiums, listed in supplementary tables. Code used to undertake mendelian randomization analyses can be found as part of the “TwoSampleMR” R package.
Code availability
The code scripts used in this analysis are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- AD:
-
Atopic dermatitis
- EC:
-
Eosinophils count
- MR:
-
Mendelian randomization
- UKB:
-
UK Biobank
- CHARLS:
-
The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
- ALM:
-
Appendicular lean mass
- IVW method:
-
Inverse-variance weighted method
- MR-PRESSO method:
-
The Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier method
- OR:
-
Odds ratio
- SMI:
-
Skeletal muscle mass index
- GRS:
-
Genetic risk score
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank every participant of the studies involved and the China Center for Economic Research and the National School of Development of Peking University for providing the CHARLS data.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82204144), Huxiang Youth Talent Program (2022RC1014), and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of People’s Republic of China (TC210804V). The funders did not participate in this study.
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All authors participated in the data collection, analysis and manuscript formation. ZT conceptualized this study and drafted the manuscript. ZT, GZ, YX and MS analyzed the data. MS and XC designed the study. MS, HL, and XC obtained the funding. All authors critically revised the manuscript, and gave final approval to the version submitted for publication.
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Ethical statement
The North West Multi-Centre Research Ethics Committee approved the collection and use of UK Biobank data. The ethics committee of Peking University Health Science Center approved CHARLS.
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All participants provided written informed consent. Institutional review board approval was waived for this analysis because of the publicly available and deidentified data.
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Tang, Z., Zhou, G., Xiao, Y. et al. Allergic Phenotypes and Sarcopenia: Evidence from Observational Studies and Mendelian Randomization Analysis. Phenomics 4, 46–50 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43657-023-00110-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43657-023-00110-4