Computational investigation of magnetohydrodynamics convective heat transfer in I-shaped wavy enclosure considering various shapes of inner bodies filled with nanofluid–porous layers

Abstract

The present work examines numerically the inclined magnetic field on thermogravitional heat transfer in a novel I-shaped enclosure filled partially with nanofluid in the left layers and filled by partially by porous medium saturated by the same nanofluid using finite element method. Three different shapes of inner bodies had been embedded in the enclosure. The enclosure is partially wavy from its vertical walls with four different cases of multi-inner bodies of various shapes such as case 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent circular, square, rhombus and triangular in order to examine their impact on heat transfer and fluid flow. Also, the influence of nanofluid loading, Rayleigh number $\left({10}^{4}\le Ra\le {10}^{6}\right)$, Darcy number $\left({10}^{-5}\le Da\le 0.1\right)$, Hartmann number $\left(0\le Ha\le 60\right)$, MHD angle $\left(0^\circ \le \gamma \le 90^\circ \right)$ along with the number $\left(1\le No\le 3\right)$ and position $\left(0.3\le Y\le 1.3\right)$ of inner hot bodies had been examined in terms of streamlines, isotherms and Nusselt number. The results indicate that the number of inner body and its position along with its shape influence on the heat transfer rate. It is obtained that Nusselt number for $Case 1>Case 3>Case 2>Case 4$. Also, movement the inner hot body from bottom to the top leads to an obvious reduction in the Nusselt number. The increasing of magnetic field angle from $\gamma =0^\circ$ into $\gamma =30^\circ$ leads to decreases the heat transfer rate while more increasing of magnetic field angle augments the rate of heat transfer. Finally, increasing the number of inner hot bodies leads to reduce the total Nusselt number. Thus, for better heat transfer augmentation it is recommended to locate the inner hot body at $Y=0.3$ and $No=1$.