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Tephrostratigraphy and chronology of the Quaternary Gölludağ and Acıgöl volcanic complexes (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

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Abstract

The two Göllüdağ and Acıgöl volcanic complexes are located in Cappadocia and belong to the Central Anatolia Volcanic Province. Their activity covers a wide time range from Middle to Upper Pleistocene and the Holocene. The large amount of tephra emitted explains the regional importance of this activity; whereas, the study of obsidian associated with their activity relates to several archaeological topics and research questions. Intensive field work in and around both complexes allows to present here a detailed tephrostratigraphy. In addition, results of ~ 460 single grain geochemical analyses (about 5–10 analyses for each sample out of a total of 48 samples) as well as intensive mineral counting provide an accurate reference set of signatures of Pleistocene rhyolitic tephras in Cappadocia. Correlations are based on stratigraphic observation and characterization of the tephra layers, and are also supported by multivariate statistical analyses. Chronology, constrained by 18 radiometric data (mainly K/Ar), demonstrates the Middle Pleistocene age of the main Göllüdağ tuff (ca 1.3 Ma) and confirms the Middle to Upper Pleistocene age of the main Acıgöl tuff. Our studies, thus, produce a regional tephrostratigraphic reference, which may be used for long-distance correlation. Besides, the tephra studied and analysed also form key layers used here for geomorphologic reconstruction and dating of stratigraphic and archaeological sequences.

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Acknowledgements

A part of the research presented here was conducted thanks mainly to the MTA-CNRS-TÜBITAK Project on “Upper Pleistocene Volcanism and Palaeogeography in Cappadocia, Turkey” (MTA-CNRS-TÜBITAK 2001–2003 RESEARCH PROGRAMME N° 101Y109) and to a Turkish-French TÜBITAK-CNRS agreement, both programmes co-directed by A. Türkecan and C. Kuzucuoğlu. The authors benefited from financial support from MTA, CNRS (LGP) and from French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bosphorus Programme). DM benefited from a PhD scholarship from the University of Paris 12/Créteil (under the direction of Prof. B. Dumas), from the technical and scientific support of Kaletepe excavation team (directed by Prof. N. Balkan-Atlı from Istanbul University & Prof. D. Binder from CEPAM Lab. In Sophia-Antipolis). DM thanks Dr. Lütfi Dokuzoğlu for his help and friendship in Aksaray and Cappadocia. The authors are grateful to A. Schmitt and an anonymous reviewer for numerous suggestions that have greatly contributed improving the initial manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire IDEES (CNRS, UMR 6266), Université de Rouen-Normandie, 7 Rue Thomas Becket, 76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France

    D. Mouralis

  2. Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (UMR 8591, CNRS & Univ. Paris 1), 1 place Aristide Briand, 92195, Meudon, France

    J.-F. Pastre & C. Kuzucuoğlu

  3. Maden Tetkik ve Arama (MTA) Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, Turkey

    A. Türkecan

  4. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Gif sur Yvette, France

    H. Guillou

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  1. D. Mouralis
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  2. J.-F. Pastre
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  3. C. Kuzucuoğlu
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  4. A. Türkecan
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Correspondence to D. Mouralis.

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Mouralis, D., Pastre, JF., Kuzucuoğlu, C. et al. Tephrostratigraphy and chronology of the Quaternary Gölludağ and Acıgöl volcanic complexes (Central Anatolia, Turkey). Med. Geosc. Rev. 1, 179–202 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42990-019-00010-8

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