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Detection of Equus caballus papillomavirus-2 in equine penile/preputial papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in southern Brazil

  • Veterinary Microbiology - Research Paper
  • Published:
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Abstract

For approximately one decade, a novel papillomavirus termed Equus caballus papillomavirus-2 (EcPV-2) has been associated with equine penile/preputial papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). It is currently believed that the virus has a carcinogenic activity, being able to induce such neoplastic lesions. After being first described, EcPV-2 has been detected in many countries from North America, Europe, and Asia; however, to date, it has not been reported in Brazil. The aim of this research was to investigate the presence of EcPV-2 in penile/preputial papillomas and SCCs of Brazilian horses. Forty samples diagnosed as equine penile and/or preputial papillomas, carcinomas in situ (CIS), or SCCs in two veterinary anatomic pathology services from southern Brazil were investigated. Histologic evaluation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a BPV-1 antibody were performed. Posteriorly, the samples were submitted to polymerase chain reaction using two broad-spectrum (MY09/11 and FAP) and one EcPV-2-specific primer sets. Positive samples were sequenced. PV antigen expression was detected in one papilloma, one CIS, and two SCCs by IHC. Five SCCs, one papilloma, and one CIS were PV-positive on PCR. Sequencing of the seven PCR products revealed homology with EcPV-2. This study confirms the occurrence of EcPV-2 infection in Brazilian horses. Moreover, the results presented here provide useful information concerning the phylogeny from the viruses detected in our samples. We hope to encourage further studies on this novel agent, contributing to its characterization, and, possibly, to the eventual development of preventive measurements, including a possible vaccine.

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Notes

  1. Carpinteria, CA 93,013, USA.

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Acknowledgements

To the Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária (LPV) and Setor de Virologia (SV) of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) and Serviço de Patologia Veterinária (SPV) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

Funding

This research was financially supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do estado do RS (FAPERGS) (process number 19/2551–0001324-8), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Tanara da Silva has a scholarship from CAPES; Eduardo F Flores and Glaucia D Kommers have a fellowship from CnPQ.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-900, Brazil

    Tanara Raquel de Oliveira da Silva, Paula Nitiana Campos Gonçalves, Valentina Berté Marcus, Glaucia Kommers & Mariana M. Flores

  2. Setor de Virologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Carolina Isabela Mucellini & Eduardo Furtado Flores

  3. Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Igor Ribeiro dos Santos & David Driemeier

  4. Laboratório de Bacteriologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti

Authors
  1. Tanara Raquel de Oliveira da Silva
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  2. Paula Nitiana Campos Gonçalves
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  3. Valentina Berté Marcus
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  4. Carolina Isabela Mucellini
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  5. Igor Ribeiro dos Santos
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  6. Glaucia Kommers
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  9. Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
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  10. Mariana M. Flores
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Contributions

All authors whose names appear on the submission have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; drafted the work or revised it critically for important intellectual content; approved the version to be published; and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy of integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mariana M. Flores.

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This research is within the ethical guidelines for animal welfare. Since it did not involve any experiments with live animals, it was not submitted to an ethical committee.

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da Silva, T.R.d.O., Gonçalves, P.N.C., Marcus, V.B. et al. Detection of Equus caballus papillomavirus-2 in equine penile/preputial papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas in southern Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 53, 1707–1713 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00769-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00769-3

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