Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics in Longwall Goaf Materials

  • Published:
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Coal mined-out areas have a significant impact on mining safety and affect the pressure distributions of neighboring coal faces. The PFC3D software is used to study the goaf mechanical characteristics, and the core loading test verifies the rationality of the numerical simulation method. The results from the numerical modeling showed that the void ratio, particle size ratio, and particle size distribution of the rock particle sample (RPS) had a significantly remarkable influence on the compression deformation characteristics of the rock block. The parallel-bond tensile strength and parallel-bond cohesion had a notable impact on the compression deformation traits of the rock block only when the axial stress level was lower than 12 MPa. By contrast, when the axial stress exceeded 5 MPa, the effective modulus significantly influenced the compression deformation features. However, the stiffness ratio, loading rate, and parallel-bond friction angle had almost no effect on the compression deformation characteristics. Furthermore, when the stress level was less than 10 MPa, the stress–strain curves from the rock core samples’ numerical simulation and loading tests were approximately linear. In addition, the Pearson correlation coefficients of the stress–strain curves suggest that the goaf zone’s core numerical simulation results had a robust correlation with the loading test results. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for the field application of PFC3D software and safety assessments in goaves.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Kang HP, Lou JF, Gao FQ, Yang JH, Li JZ (2018) A physical and numerical investigation of sudden massive roof collapse during longwall coal retreat mining. Int J Coal Geol 188:25–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2018.01.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wang P, Zhao J, Feng G, Wang Z (2018) Interaction between vertical stress distribution within the goaf and surrounding rock mass in longwall panel systems. J S Afr I Min Metall 118(7):745–756. https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/2018/v118n7a8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhao J, Konietzky H (2020) Numerical analysis and prediction of ground surface movement induced by coal mining and subsequent groundwater flooding. Int J Coal Geol 229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2020.103565

  4. Pan WD, Zhang SP, Liu Y (2020) Safe and efficient coal mining below the goaf: a case study. Energies 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/en13040864

  5. Yavuz H, Fowell RJ (2004) A physical and numerical modelling investigation of the roadway stability in longwall mining, with and without narrow pillar protection. T I Min Metall A 113(1):A59–A72. https://doi.org/10.1179/03718404225004300

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Pappas DM, Mark C (1993) Behavior of simulated longwall gob material: report of investigation RI no. 9458, US Department of Interior

  7. Yavuz H (2004) An estimation method for cover pressure re-establishment distance and pressure distribution in the goaf of longwall coal mines. Int J Rock Mech Min 41(2):193–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1365-1609(03)00082-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Trueman R (1990) A finite element analysis for the establishment of stress development in a coal mine caved waste. Min Sci Technol 10:247–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9031(90)90452-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Li M, Zhang JX, Gao R (2016) Compression characteristics of solid wastes as backfill materials. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2496194

  10. Li B, Liang YP, Zhang L, Zou QL (2019) Breakage law and fractal characteristics of broken coal and rock masses with different mixing ratios during compaction. Energy Sci Eng 7(3):1000–1015. https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.330

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Li JM, Huang YL, Zhai W, Li YS, Ouyang SY, Gao HD et al (2020) Experimental study on acoustic emission of confined compression of crushed gangue under different loading rates: disposal of gangue solid waste. Sustainability-Basel 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093911

  12. Cundall PA (1971) A computer model for simulating progressive large-scale movements in blocky rock systems. Procintsympon Rock Fracture 1(II–8):129–36

    Google Scholar 

  13. Yang BD, Jiao Y, Lei ST (2006) A study on the effects of microparameters on macroproperties for specimens created by bonded particles. Eng Comput 23(5–6):607–631. https://doi.org/10.1108/02644400610680333

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  14. Wu H, Dai B, Zhao GY, Chen Y, Tian YK (2020) A novel method of calibrating micro-scale parameters of pfc model and experimental validation. Appl Sci-Basel 10(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093221

  15. Potyondy DO, Cundall PA (2004) A bonded-particle model for rock. Int J Rock Mech Min 41(8):1329–1364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2004.09.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Shan P, Lai X (2019) Mesoscopic structure PFC∼2D model of soil rock mixture based on digital image. J Vis Commun Image Represent 58:407–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2018.12.015

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhang F, Wang K, Dang YR, Wu GY (2020) Influence of meso-structure parameters on wave propagation in soil-rock mixture. Ann Chim-Sci Mat 44(5):365–373. https://doi.org/10.18280/acsm.440510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Yao N, Ye YC, Hu B, Wang WQ, Wang QH (2019) Particle flow code modeling of the mechanical behavior of layered rock under uniaxial compression. Arch Min Sci 64(1):181–196. https://doi.org/10.24425/ams.2019.126279

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Peng J, Wong LNY, Teh CI (2017) Effects of grain size-to-particle size ratio on micro-cracking behavior using a bonded-particle grain-based model. Int J Rock Mech Min 100:207–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2017.10.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Rong G, Liu G, Hou D, Zhou CB (2013) Effect of particle shape on mechanical behaviors of rocks: a numerical study using clumped particle model. Sci World J. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/589215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Liu A, Liu SM, Wang G, Elsworth D (2020) Continuous compaction and permeability evolution in longwall gob materials. Rock Mech Rock Eng 53(12):5489–5510. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-020-02222-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Shen X, Yang B, Lei S (2010) Distinct element modeling of laser assisted milling of silicon nitride ceramics. J Manuf Process 12(1):30–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2010.01.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Yadav A, Behera B, Sahoo SK, Singh GSP, Sharma SK (2020) An approach for numerical modeling of gob compaction process in longwall mining. Mining Metall Explor 37(2):631–649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-020-00182-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Singh GSP, Singh UK (2009) A numerical modeling approach for assessment of progressive caving of strata and performance of hydraulic powered support in longwall workings. Comput Geotech 36(7):1142–1156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2009.05.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Smart BGD, Haley SM (1987) Further development of the roof strata tilt concept for pack design and the estimation of stress development in a caved waste. Min Sci Technol 5(2):121–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-9031(87)90355-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Wang CX, Lu Y, Hao G, Cui BQ, Zhao ZH (2018) Simulated Test on compression deformation characteristics and mechanism of fractured rock in mined out area. Geotech Geol Eng 36(5):2809–2821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-018-0503-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Huang YJ, Nydal OJ, Ge CH, Yao BD (2015) An Introduction to discrete element method: a meso-scale mechanism analysis of granular flow. J Disper Sci Technol 36(10):1370–1377. https://doi.org/10.1080/01932691.2014.984304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Li M, Li AL, Zhang JX, Huang YL, Li JM (2020) Effects of particle sizes on compressive deformation and particle breakage of gangue used for coal mine goaf backfill. Powder Technol 360:493–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.10.075

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Gao WL, Zhang ZH, Li BJ, Li KP (2021) Study on numerical simulation of geometric elements of blasting funnel based on PFC5.0. Shock Vib 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8812964

  30. Stavropoulou M, Liolios P, Exadaktylos G (2012) Calibration of the triaxial hyperbolic mohr-coulomb elastoplastic model parameters on laboratory rock mechanics tests. Int J Geomech 12(6):618–631. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang CX, Lu Y, Li YY, Zhang BC, Liang YB (2019) Deformation process and prediction of filling gangue: a case study in China. Geomech Eng 18(4):417–426. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2019.18.4.417

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Li M, Zhang JX, Song WJ, Germain DM (2019) Recycling of crushed waste rock as backfilling material in coal mine: effects of particle size on compaction behaviours. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26(9):8789–8797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04379-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Li M, Zhang JX, Sun K, Zhang S (2018) Influence of lateral loading on compaction characteristics of crushed waste rock used for backfilling. Minerals-Basel 8(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/min8120552

  34. Zhang C, Tu SH, Zhao YX (2019) Compaction characteristics of the caving zone in a longwall goaf: a review. Environ Earth Sci 78(1)

  35. Li JM, Huang YL, Pu H, Gao HD, Li YS, Ouyang SY et al (2021) Influence of block shape on macroscopic deformation response and meso-fabric evolution of crushed gangue under the triaxial compression. Powder Technol 384:112–124

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are very grateful to editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions.

Funding

This work was supported by the Weixin Coal Mine of Sichuan Coal Group. This study was supported by Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (Postdoctoral Science Foundation) (project no: cstc2020jcyj-bshX0088).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Fang Yuan, Jianxin Tang, Yanlei Wang, Cheng Li & Lingrui Kong

  2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China

    Fang Yuan, Jianxin Tang, Cheng Li & Lingrui Kong

  3. Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals Exploration, Chongqing, 401121, China

    Yanlei Wang

Authors
  1. Fang Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jianxin Tang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yanlei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Cheng Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lingrui Kong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Jianxin Tang or Yanlei Wang.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yuan, F., Tang, J., Wang, Y. et al. Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics in Longwall Goaf Materials. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 39, 557–571 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00550-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00550-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation