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A Narrative Review of Maternal Sleep Issues with a Focus on Mental Health in the Postpartum Period

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Abstract

The purpose of this narrative review is to expand on a previous selective review and identify and categorize current research related to maternal postpartum sleep and the negative outcomes of sleep disturbances including its impact on maternal mental health. A literature search from 2008 to 2020 was conducted using the Cumulative Index of Allied Health Literature, Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and PubMed electronic databases in addition to reference lists from selected articles and other key references. Search terms included sleep, postpartum, sleep deprivation, sleep disturbance, hospital, mental health, postpartum depression, and anxiety. A critical review of all relevant articles from the data sources was conducted with specific focus on maternal sleep in the postpartum period. Literature was reviewed and organized into groups with similar characteristics. Although a clear link between maternal sleep and maternal mental health exists, a need remains to understand which of these occurs first as the primary problem. Other identified categories of interest included sleep quality during pregnancy, factors present in the hospital, birth method and outcomes, individual maternal characteristics, feeding method, and postpartum bonding. A lack of consistency in measurement and recommendations from the current state of research remains. Furthermore, scientifically-founded negative consequences to maternal postpartum sleep disturbances exist including impact on the mother-newborn dyad and maternal mental health. Further research is needed to determine recommendations to improve maternal postpartum sleep.

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  1. College of Health Sciences School of Nursing, 3380 College Park Dr., The Woodlands, TX, 77384, USA

    Andrea M. Smith

  2. Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences, Texas Christian University, TCU Box 298625, Fort Worth, TX, 76129, USA

    Lisette Saleh

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AS and LS contributed equally to the literature search, summation of the literature, and revisions of the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final version of this revised manuscript.

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Smith, A.M., Saleh, L. A Narrative Review of Maternal Sleep Issues with a Focus on Mental Health in the Postpartum Period. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 3, 1165–1176 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-021-00840-4

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