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Valorisation of agroindustrial-residues for production of a potent thrombolytic protease from Aspergillus terreus SH72

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the principle cause of indisposition and global fatality. Under certain pathophysiological conditions, formation of fibrin clot causes obstruction in normal blood flow and leads to thrombosis. Excessive treatment cost and side effects of the available thromobolytics prompt the researchers to investigate potentially superior, economic and more acceptable therapeutics for thrombosis. Current study reports cost-effective production of an efficacious fibrinolytic protease (fibpro) from a newly isolated fungal strain Aspergillus terreus SH72 using low-cost agricultural residues as substrates. The fibpro showed fairly good substrate specificity towards fibrin. Molasses as carbon source supported maximum yield of fibpro (168.23 U/mL), however, substantial enzyme titre was produced on other agro-residues i.e. malt (151.15 U/mL), wheat bran (147.78 U/mL), banana leaves (145.20 U/mL), corncob (138.86 U/mL), bamboo leaves (138.07 U/mL), and rice husk (134.10 U/mL) which was higher than that in control i.e. glucose as carbon source (126.77 U/mL). Similarly, several agro-based nitrogen sources were utilized by A. terreus SH72 for producing adequate fibpro yield i.e. sesame cake (196.32 U/mL), spent grains (194.34 U/mL), coconut seed cake (193.95 U/mL), soyameal (193.15 U/mL), malt extract, (191.96 U/mL), ground nut cake (184.83 U/mL), and others. Most significant process variables (molasses, sesame cake, KH2PO4, and incubation time) earmarked based on Plackett–Burman designed experiments were optimized by design of experiment (DoE) based on response surface methodology to attain yield enhancement of 2.03-fold.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Bijender Kumar Bajaj (BKB) gratefully acknowledges the grants received in the form of Research Projects from funding agencies like ICMR, UGC, DST, CSIR and DBT. BKB gratefully acknowledges various national/international agencies for providing fellowships for overseas ‘Research Stays’ i.e. Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (Ohio State University, USA), Commonwealth Scholarship Commission, UK (Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK), and Institute of Advanced Study, Durham University, UK (COFUND-International Senior Research Fellow at Department of Biosciences, Durham University, UK).

Funding

This study was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Government of India, in the form of extramural Research Project (ICMR-Research Project Ref. No: 5/4/1/EXM/12-NCD-II), to Dr. BK Bajaj.

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  1. School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, 180006, India

    Shikha Sharma & Bijender Kumar Bajaj

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  1. Shikha Sharma
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BKB conceptualized the research hypothesis, and planned the experiments; SS designed and performed the experiments; BKB and SS analyzed and interpreted the data and wrote the draft MS; BKB corrected and submitted the MS.

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Correspondence to Bijender Kumar Bajaj.

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Sharma, S., Bajaj, B.K. Valorisation of agroindustrial-residues for production of a potent thrombolytic protease from Aspergillus terreus SH72. Environmental Sustainability 4, 735–748 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-021-00181-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-021-00181-x

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